A method of forming a degassing system includes the step of forming a bundle of hollow tube membrane members by wrapping hollow tube membrane members to form the bundle at a temperature above 100? F. (38? C.). Another method of forming a degassing system includes the step of the inserting bundle into an outer canister at a temperature above 100? F. (38? C.). A fuel supply system made by these methods is also disclosed.

A hollow fiber membrane bundle configured to be used in an artificial lung and comprised of integrated hollow fiber membranes 31 has hollow portions through which a fluid passes. The hollow fiber membrane bundle is shaped as a cylinder body. In addition, the hollow fiber membrane 31 is tilted with respect to a central axis O of the cylinder body, is wound around the central axis O of the cylinder body, and satisfies the following conditions. An inner diameter d.sub.1 of the hollow fiber membrane 31 is equal to or smaller than 150 m, a tilt angle with respect to the central axis O of the cylinder body of the hollow fiber membrane 31 is equal to or smaller than 60, and a ratio D.sub.1/L of an outer diameter D.sub.1 of the cylinder body to a length L of the cylinder body is equal to or greater than 0.4.

A hollow fiber membrane laminate that includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes wound to form a plurality of layers in a cylinder shape. The hollow fiber membranes are wound around a central axis while reciprocating a feeding point of the hollow fiber membranes along a central axis. Hollow fiber membranes adjacent to each other in each respective layer are separated by a predetermined separation distance. A speed differential z is reduced for successive layers approaching an outer side of the cylinder to maintain the predetermined separation distance. The speed differential z has a value obtained by dividing a pitch of the hollow fiber membranes within a respective layer by a traverse reciprocating distance.

The present invention includes a filter apparatus including a filtration unit; and a collection chamber in fluid communication with the filtration unit; wherein a vacuum draws the biological fluid through the apparatus; and wherein selected biological material comprised by the biological fluid is separated from a remainder of the biological fluid.

The invention is directed to preparation of hollow fiber membrane devices that exhibit improved durability and mechanical strength in air separation operations such as generation of nitrogen enriched air on board aircraft. In particular the invention provides for preparation of hollow fiber membrane modules with terminal tubesheets of superior mechanical properties and improved long term durability in air separation operations.

A heat exchanger for an oxygenator device has multiple hollow fiber membranes that each have a hollow portion through which a heat medium passes, wherein the fibers are wound as a cylinder body. Each of the hollow fiber membranes follows a path between opposing ends of the cylinder body which is tilted with respect to a central axis of the cylinder body and is wound around the central axis of the cylinder body, wherein a tilt angle with respect to the central axis ranges from 22 to smaller than 67, and wherein a constituent material of each of the hollow fiber membranes has a Young's modulus E ranging from 2.6 GPa to 0.07 GPa. During winding, the hollow fiber membranes are stretched according to a stretching rate between 0.5% and 3.0% and then fixed at the ends to maintain the stretching.

The present invention relates to a gas exchange unit for use in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal live support (ECLS) according to a method for producing such a gas exchange unit as well as a kit with a gas exchange unit and a humidifying and heating device.

A sterile solution product bag includes sterilization grade filter integrated directly into the product bag such that microbial and particulate matter filtration can be performed using the filter directly at the point of fill. The filter can include a hollow fiber filter membrane contained in a stem connected to a bladder of the product bag.

A gas removal system includes an interior baffle with an outside surface having flow channels and a central fluid receiving chamber. A membrane fiber bundle with an inside surface is placed outwardly of the interior baffle. The member fiber bundle is formed of fibers that allow the passage of gas through an outer wall, but resist the passage of fluid with the inside surface of the fiber bundle partially contacting the outside surface of the baffle. The interior baffle and the fiber bundle extend between axial ends. A changed diameter portion is intermediate the axial ends wherein each of the outside surface of the interior baffle and the inside surface of the membrane fiber bundle change in diameter in a first direction and then return in a second direction changing diameter in an opposite radial direction from the first direction, and such that the changed diameter portion is intermediate the axial ends. A fuel system is also disclosed.

A hollow-fiber membrane element for forward osmosis which is a both open-ended hollow-fiber membrane element in which both ends of a wound hollow-fiber membrane body are opened, the wound hollow-fiber membrane body having hollow-fiber membranes arranged in an intersecting manner by winding the hollow-fiber membranes around a porous distribution pipe in a helical manner, wherein a) the number of winds per element length in a region from the outermost layer of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body to at least one eighth of the thickness of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body is 0.33 to 1.75, and b) the number of winds per element length in a region from the innermost layer of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body to at least one fourth of the thickness of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body is greater than 1.75.