Disclosed herein are membrane separator modules. The membrane separator module includes a plurality of hollow fibers arranged as an annular shaped bundle defining a bore, wherein each of the plurality of hollow fibers includes a lumen; a first manifold attached to a first end of the plurality of hollow fibers and a second manifold attached to a second end of the plurality of hollow fibers; a fluid inlet port disposed on the first manifold and in fluid communication with a first interior volume thereof, and a fluid outlet port disposed on the second manifold and in fluid communication with a second interior volume thereof, wherein a fluid path is defined through the inlet port, the first interior volume, the lumens of the plurality of hollow fibers, the second interior volume, and the outlet port; and an impeller operable to drive fluid flow over exterior surfaces of the plurality of hollow fibers.

The present invention relates to a fuel cell membrane humidifier capable improving humidifying efficiency by controlling the flow direction of fluid, and the fuel cell membrane humidifier according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a hollow fiber membrane module for accommodating a hollow fiber membrane in which a first fluid and a second fluid perform moisture exchange while the first fluid flows therein and the second fluid flows on the outside thereof; and a housing part constituting the appearance of the membrane purifier, wherein a fluid guide part for uniformly guiding the flow of fluid is formed between the hollow fiber membrane and the housing part.

A method for introducing a gas into a liquid, the method including filling a gas volume enclosed below a free surface of the liquid and defined in a downward direction by an enclosed level of the liquid with the gas in sequential pulses wherein the gas simultaneously displaces the liquid top down from a gas lifting channel until the enclosed level of the liquid drops below an inlet cross section of a gas flow out channel; subsequently flowing the gas out of the gas volume downward through the gas lifting channel, a deflection portion adjoining at a bottom of the gas lifting channel, in upward direction through the inlet cross section and through the gas flow out channel adjoining the inlet cross section at a top to the free surface.

A detonator positioning device for use with a detonator in a perforating gun assembly is described. The detonator positioning device is configured for electrically contactably forming an electrical connection within the perforating gun housing by contact. The detonator positioning device includes a body having a first end, a second end, and a central bore extending between the first and second ends. The central bore is adapted for receiving one or more electrically contactable components of a detonator. The detonator positioning device aligns at least one of the one or more electrically contactable components to form an electrical connection with a bulkhead assembly.

A computer-implemented method for designing and assessing the performance of a hollow fibre membrane contactor (MBC) in a natural gas sweetening process using a MBC model is described in an embodiment. The MBC model comprises model parameters, model equations and boundary conditions for calculating data associated with the natural gas sweetening process. The natural gas sweetening process comprises removal of acid gas from natural gas using a solvent comprising at least one component. The method comprises: (i) forming a regression model using empirical data; (ii) determining a Henry's constant of CO.sub.2 in the solvent using the regression model; (iii) inputting the determined Henry's constant of CO.sub.2 in the MBC model as one of the model parameters; and (iv) determining CO.sub.2 absorption in the solvent using the MBC model for designing and assessing the performance of the MBC.

A computer-implemented method for designing and assessing the performance of a hollow fibre membrane contactor (MBC) in a natural gas sweetening process using a MBC model is described in an embodiment. The MBC model comprises model parameters, model equations and boundary conditions for calculating data associated with the natural gas sweetening process. The natural gas sweetening process comprises removal of acid gas from natural gas using a solvent comprising at least one component. The method comprises: (i) forming a regression model using empirical data; (ii) determining a Henry's constant of CO.sub.2 in the solvent using the regression model; (iii) inputting the determined Henry's constant of CO.sub.2 in the MBC model as one of the model parameters; and (iv) determining CO.sub.2 absorption in the solvent using the MBC model for designing and assessing the performance of the MBC.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for treatment of produced or process water from hydrocarbon production to reduce the volume of the produced or process water while simultaneously reducing the salinity of a highly saline stream, for example, the brine from a seawater desalination plant. The method includes causing a feed stream comprising produced or process water to flow through the lumen of a hollow fiber osmotic membrane 4 which is immersed in an open channel 2 or tank of flowing draw solution 6 which has high salinity. In this way, water from the feed stream is drawn through the osmotic membrane 4 by an osmotic pressure differential caused by the difference in salinity between the feed stream and the draw solution 6.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for treatment of produced or process water from hydrocarbon production to reduce the volume of the produced or process water while simultaneously reducing the salinity of a highly saline stream, for example, the brine from a seawater desalination plant. The method includes causing a feed stream comprising produced or process water to flow through the lumen of a hollow fiber osmotic membrane 4 which is immersed in an open channel 2 or tank of flowing draw solution 6 which has high salinity. In this way, water from the feed stream is drawn through the osmotic membrane 4 by an osmotic pressure differential caused by the difference in salinity between the feed stream and the draw solution 6.

Disclosed is a separation membrane cartridge-cleaning apparatus for sewage treatment process. The apparatus conveniently cleans the separation membrane cartridges, thereby improving workability, as the separation membrane cartridges mounted within the membrane separation aerobic tank of the sewage treatment process are removed which have been contaminated while performing the solid-liquid separation of the contaminants contained in the sewage, and then the cartridges are separably mounted on the cartridge-cleaning apparatus of water mill type rotatably installed within the cleaning tank containing the cleaning liquid, and thereafter, the contaminated separation membrane cartridges are immersed in the cleaning liquid and the water and air are sprayed from filter-cleaning means above the cartridges to clean the cartridges.

A separating device for separating an undesired fluid from a multi-component liquid has a region flowed through by the multi-component liquid and at least one membrane disposed in the region to separate a first fluid region from a second fluid region. The membrane has a first permeability to the undesired fluid and a second permeability to the multi-component liquid. The first permeability is different from the second permeability. The membrane is equally permeable to all components of the multi-component liquid. The membrane is permeable to the multi-component liquid and impermeable to the undesired fluid, or the membrane is impermeable to the multi-component liquid and is permeable to the undesired fluid, wherein the multi-component liquid is a liquid multi-component operating medium. A filter with such a separating device and a filter element, in particular for diesel fuel, as well as a liquid system with such a separating device are described.