A reverse osmosis system includes a multi-element membrane array having a plurality of membrane elements disposed in series and a plurality of permeate pipes receiving permeate from a respective one of the plurality of membrane elements. Each of the plurality of elements has an inlet and an outlet. A plurality of connectors coupling successive permeate pipes together. Each of the plurality of connectors includes one of a plurality of flow restrictors. Each of the plurality of flow restrictors is sized to further restrict permeate flow into a subsequent permeate pipe of the plurality of permeate pipes.

An ultra-filtration membrane assembly having an exterior housing having a housing; an ultra-filtration membrane provided within the housing, the ultra-filtration membrane being having a plurality of elongated filtration fibers arranged in a spiraled coil; and one or more filaments woven around the plurality of elongated filtration fibers thus binding each of the one or more adjacent elongated filtration fibers at a predetermined axial spacing from one another.

The present invention relates to a separation membrane element for use in separation of ingredients contained in fluids such as liquid and gas. An object of the present invention is to provide a separation membrane element which, even when used in a high-recovery ratio operation, has high fresh-water production performance and high removal performance and is less apt to suffer scaling.

The present invention relates to a separation membrane element for use in separation of ingredients contained in fluids such as liquid and gas. An object of the present invention is to provide a separation membrane element which, even when used in a high-recovery ratio operation, has high fresh-water production performance and high removal performance and is less apt to suffer scaling.

A filtration assembly including: i) a hyperfiltration assembly including: a high pressure vessel including a feed port, concentrate port and permeate port, and a plurality of serially arranged spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules; ii) a bioreactor assembly including: a plurality of spiral wound bioreactors each comprising a flat sheet having two opposing bio-growth surfaces and a feed spacer spirally wound about an axis (Y); and iii) a fluid flow pathway adapted for fluid connection with a fluid feed source and extending in a parallel flow pattern through the bioreactors, and subsequently into the feed port of the high pressure vessel, successively through the spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules in a serial flow pattern and out of the concentrate port and permeate port.

A filtration assembly including: i) a hyperfiltration assembly including: a high pressure vessel including a feed port, concentrate port and permeate port, and a plurality of serially arranged spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules; ii) a bioreactor assembly including: a plurality of spiral wound bioreactors each comprising a flat sheet having two opposing bio-growth surfaces and a feed spacer spirally wound about an axis (Y); and iii) a fluid flow pathway adapted for fluid connection with a fluid feed source and extending in a parallel flow pattern through the bioreactors, and subsequently into the feed port of the high pressure vessel, successively through the spiral wound hyperfiltration membrane modules in a serial flow pattern and out of the concentrate port and permeate port.

A seawater desalination system for desalinating seawater by removing salinity from the seawater and an energy recovery apparatus which is preferably used in the seawater desalination system. The energy recovery apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber being installed such that a longitudinal direction of the chamber is placed in a vertical direction, a concentrated seawater port for supplying and discharging the concentrated seawater, a seawater port for supplying and discharging the seawater, a flow resistor provided at a concentrated seawater port side in the chamber, and a flow resistor provided at a seawater port side in the chamber. Each of the flow resistor provided at the concentrated seawater port side and the seawater port side comprises at least one perforated circular plate, and each perforated circular plate has a plurality of holes formed in an outer circumferential area outside a circle having a predetermined diameter on the perforated circular plate.

A seawater desalination system for desalinating seawater by removing salinity from the seawater and an energy recovery apparatus which is preferably used in the seawater desalination system. The energy recovery apparatus includes a cylindrical chamber being installed such that a longitudinal direction of the chamber is placed in a vertical direction, a concentrated seawater port for supplying and discharging the concentrated seawater, a seawater port for supplying and discharging the seawater, a flow resistor provided at a concentrated seawater port side in the chamber, and a flow resistor provided at a seawater port side in the chamber. Each of the flow resistor provided at the concentrated seawater port side and the seawater port side comprises at least one perforated circular plate, and each perforated circular plate has a plurality of holes formed in an outer circumferential area outside a circle having a predetermined diameter on the perforated circular plate.

Filter module and filter unit with an inlet for medium that is to be filtered, and with an outlet for the permeate, with at least one filter sheet, a first spacer adjacent to the media side and a second spacer adjacent to the permeate side, the spacers being designed with a draining action, and the first spacer being connected to an inlet and the second spacer to an outlet, wherein the at least one filter sheet forms a first filter unit together with the two adjacent spacers, the filter sheet is designed as a single filter or a filter stack, the first spacer is designed to be impermeable to liquid on its outer face directed away from the filter sheet and is sealed off at its boundary to the outlet end, and the second spacer is designed to be impermeable to liquid on its outer face directed away from the filter sheet and is sealed off at its boundary to the inlet end.

Filter module and filter unit with an inlet for medium that is to be filtered, and with an outlet for the permeate, with at least one filter sheet, a first spacer adjacent to the media side and a second spacer adjacent to the permeate side, the spacers being designed with a draining action, and the first spacer being connected to an inlet and the second spacer to an outlet, wherein the at least one filter sheet forms a first filter unit together with the two adjacent spacers, the filter sheet is designed as a single filter or a filter stack, the first spacer is designed to be impermeable to liquid on its outer face directed away from the filter sheet and is sealed off at its boundary to the outlet end, and the second spacer is designed to be impermeable to liquid on its outer face directed away from the filter sheet and is sealed off at its boundary to the inlet end.