The present disclosure relates to a micro or nano porous membrane composed of a stretched membrane of a fluororesin membrane, wherein the fluororesin membrane contains sintered bodies of a plurality of core-shell particles containing fluororesins, wherein the core-shell particles include cores and shells covering outer surfaces of the cores, wherein an average particle size of the core-shell particles before being sintered is greater than or equal to 100 nm and less than or equal to 1,000 nm, wherein a ratio of a volume of the shells to a volume of the cores in the core-shell particles before being sintered is greater than or equal to 2/98 and less than or equal to 50/50, wherein a fluororesin of the cores is a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer or a combination thereof, and a fluororesin of the shells is polytetrafluoroethylene, and wherein a first heat of fusion of the fluororesins in the core-shell particles is less than or equal to 68 J/g.

The present invention provides composite particles which are capable of forming an ion exchange membrane with fewer defects and an ion exchange membrane. The composite particles according to the present invention comprise pellets comprising a fluorinated polymer having groups convertible to ion exchange groups, and a powder held on the pellet surface which comprises a polymer, wherein the powder has an average particle diameter of at least 1 m and at most 1,000 m, and the ratio of the average particle diameter of the pellets to the average particle diameter of the powder is 2 to 4,500.

The present disclosure relates to a method for forming a transport mechanism for transporting at least one of a gas or a liquid. The method may comprise using a 3D printing operation to form the mechanism with an inlet and an outlet, and controlling the 3D printing operation to create the mechanism as an engineered surface structure formed in a layer-by-layer process. The method may further comprise controlling the 3D printing operation such that the engineered surface structure includes a plurality of cells propagating periodically in three dimensions, with non-intersecting, non-flat, continuously curving wall portions which form two non-intersecting domains, and where the wall portions have openings forming a plurality of flow paths extending in three orthogonal dimensions throughout from the inlet to the outlet, and such that the engineered surface structure has wall portions having a mean curvature other than zero.

The present invention is directed to methods of separating a fluid emulsion stream into a hydrocarbon stream and an aqueous stream, by contacting the stream with a microporous membrane to yield a hydrocarbon product stream and an aqueous product stream. The membrane comprises a substantially hydrophobic, polymeric matrix, and substantially hydrophilic, finely divided, particulate, substantially water-insoluble filler distributed throughout the matrix. The polymeric matrix has a mean pore size less than 1.0 micron, and the purities of the product streams are independent of the flux rate of the aqueous product stream and the pore size of the membrane.

Disclosed are a light-driven filtration antibacterial composite membrane and a preparation method and use thereof. The method for preparing the light-driven filtration antibacterial composite membrane includes: mixing dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a first solution; adding PCL particles to the first solution, and stirring until being uniform to obtain an electrospinning solution; adding a ZIF-8 powder to the electrospinning solution, and ultrasonically dispersing for at least 1 hour to obtain a PCL/ZIF-8 spinning solution; spraying the PCL/ZIF-8 spinning solution onto a PPCL@PDA/TAEG men-blown membrane to obtain the light-driven filtration antibacterial composite membrane.

The present invention relates to a gas separation membrane for separating carbon dioxide from a mixed gas containing the carbon dioxide, the gas separation membrane including a polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer (A), wherein the polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer (A) contains a polycarbonate block (A-1) consisting of repetition of a structural unit represented by the following general formula (I) and a polyorganosiloxane block (A-2) including repetition of a structural unit represented by the following general formula (II), and wherein a content of the polyorganosiloxane block (A-2) in the polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer (A) is from 20 mass % or more to 70 mass % or less:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, X, a, and b are as defined in Description.

A spiral wound-type separation membrane module and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The spiral wound-type separation membrane module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is implemented by including an outlet pipe; a filter assembly wound in a spiral wound on the outlet pipe; and an adhesion portion in which part or all of a heat-adhesive yarn wound to surround the outer surface of the filter assembly in the longitudinal direction of the outlet pipe is melted and fixed to the filter assembly. According to the above, the spiral wound-type separation membrane module and the method for manufacturing the same can significantly reduce the defect rate and process time and simultaneously exhibit an eco-friendly effect during disposal after use.

Provided are a polyethylene microporous membrane, a method for manufacturing the same, and a separator including the microporous membrane. According to an embodiment, a polyethylene microporous membrane which has a thickness of 3 m to 30 m, a puncture strength of 0.15 N/m or more, a shrinkage rate in the transverse direction of 5% or less as measured after being allowed to stand at 121 C. for 1 hour, and a PS index represented by the following Equation 1 of 110 or more is provided:
PS index=[gas permeability (10.sup.31 5 Darcy)porosity (%)]+[shrinkage rate (%) in the transverse direction at 121 C.]. [Equation 1]

Described are liquid-flowable, porous polyethylene filter membranes that include two opposing sides and that have an asymmetric pore structure; filter components and filters that include this type of porous polyethylene filter membrane; methods of making the porous polyethylene filter membranes, filter components, and filters; and methods of using a porous polyethylene filter membrane, filter component, or filter, to filter a fluid such as a liquid chemical to remove unwanted material from the fluid.

A gas separation membrane includes a porous substrate, a first gas separating layer impregnated and formed onto one surface of the porous substrate, and a second gas separating layer disposed so as to overlap the first gas separating layer, the first gas separating layer having higher gas permeability and lower gas selectivity than the second gas separating layer.