It can be difficult to remove atomically thin films, such as graphene, graphene-based material and other two-dimensional materials, from a growth substrate and then to transfer the thin films to a secondary substrate. Tearing and conformality issues can arise during the removal and transfer processes. Processes for forming a composite structure by manipulating a two-dimensional material, such as graphene or graphene-base material, can include: providing a two-dimensional material adhered to a growth substrate; depositing a supporting layer on the two-dimensional material while the two-dimensional material is adhered to the growth substrate; and releasing the two-dimensional material from the growth substrate, the two-dimensional material remaining in contact with the supporting layer following release of the two-dimensional material from the growth substrate.

A crosslinked polyolefin separator having an average value of light transmittance of 30% or more in a region of 380 nm to 700 nm, after four sides of the separator are fixed and allowed to stand at 130? C. for 30 minutes. A method for manufacturing the crosslinked polyolefin separator is also provided. The crosslinked polyolefin separator has a low shutdown temperature to provide improved safety. The crosslinked polyolefin separator also has a high meltdown temperature and is inhibited from die-drooling.

The present invention discloses membrane modules utilizing innovative geometries of net-type feed spacers for improved performance in separations and spacer-fabrication methods therein. Membrane modules include: a central tube having perforations along its length for collecting a permeate; at least two filtration envelopes, each filtration envelope having two membrane sheets and a porous, fabric-type insert in between the two membrane sheets for facilitating the permeate to flow, wherein each envelope is closed along three edges of the two membrane sheets, and wherein each envelope is configured to allow the permeate to exit from a fourth, open edge attached to the central tube; and a respective feed-spacer sheet in planar contact with an outer membrane surface of a respective filtration envelope; wherein the respective feed-spacer sheet is in the form of net having nodes connected by flexible segments such that the net forms a regular planar net.

A method for manufacturing a filter membrane for inhibiting microorganisms includes the following steps: obtaining a nano-zinc precursor and dissolving it into water, adding at least one reducing agent and interfacial agent to the water, thereby reducing zinc ions of the nano-zinc precursor to zinc particles so as to form liquid having nano-zinc particles; respectively placing the liquid having nano-zinc particles and a polymer material into plastic masterbatch process equipment, respectively volatilizing the fluid having nano-zinc particles and polymer material through the plastic masterbatch process equipment, performing air extraction and mixing by the plastic masterbatch process equipment, and adding at least one grafting agent to perform a mixed graft link, allowing the nano-zinc particles and polymer material to be linked together stably so as to form a plastic masterbatch having nano-zinc particles; and making the plastic masterbatch into a filer membrane through film making equipment.

The present invention provides a preparation method for a composite porous structure, comprising the following steps: step (a): preparing a porous substrate having multiple pores, a first surface and a second surface; and step (b): continuously feeding a cooling fluid to contact the first surface and to flow continuously to the second surface through the pores of the porous substrate, and heating a coating material to multiple molten particles by a heat source and spraying the molten particles onto the second surface of the porous substrate, so as to form a coating layer having multiple micropores on the second surface of the porous substrate and obtain the composite porous structure formed. Besides, also provided is a composite porous structure prepared by the preparation method.

The present disclosure relates to a method for forming a transport mechanism for transporting at least one of a gas or a liquid. The method may comprise using a 3D printing operation to form the mechanism with an inlet and an outlet, and controlling the 3D printing operation to create the mechanism as an engineered surface structure formed in a layer-by-layer process. The method may further comprise controlling the 3D printing operation such that the engineered surface structure includes a plurality of cells propagating periodically in three dimensions, with non-intersecting, non-flat, continuously curving wall portions which form two non-intersecting domains, and where the wall portions have openings forming a plurality of flow paths extending in three orthogonal dimensions throughout from the inlet to the outlet, and such that the engineered cellular structure has wall portions having a mean curvature other than zero.

A porous membrane comprising a thermoplastic resin, and having a densely structured layer, wherein the ratio of crystal strength to crystal strength of the thermoplastic resin in the densely structured layer is 5.0 or more.

The present invention relates to polymer compositions (C) for the preparation of porous article, notably microporous membranes or hollow fibers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process of preparing a porous article from a blend of at least one semi-crystalline or amorphous polymer (P) with an additive followed by a step of shaping the article and contacting the article with water to dissolve the additive and create an interconnected pore network within the shaped article.

Provided is a novel continuous single-step method of manufacturing a multilayer sorbent polymeric membrane having superior productivity, properties and performance. At least one layer of the polymeric membrane comprises sorbent materials and a plurality of interconnecting pores. The method includes: (a) coextruding layer-forming compositions to form a multilayer coextrudate; (b) casting the coextrudate into a film; (c) extracting the film with an extractant; and (d) removing the extractant from the extracted film to form the multilayer sorbent polymeric membrane. The sorbent membrane of this disclosure can find a wide range of applications for use in filtration, separation and purification of gases and fluids, CO.sub.2 and volatile capture, structural support, vehicle emission control, energy harvesting and storage, electrolyte batteries, device, protection, permeation, packaging, printing, and etc.

A separation membrane has high strength and low leakage property while maintaining high gas permeability using poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) excellent in chemical resistance and gas permeability. The separation membrane contains poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) as a main component, in which a ratio RA of a rigid amorphous of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) in the separation membrane is 43% or more and 60% or less, a porosity is 30% or more and 70% or less, and a dense layer is provided on at least one surface.