The present invention discloses a Fe—Al-based metal membrane and preparation method thereof, which relate to the technical field concerning gas-solid separation under high-temperature, low-pressure working conditions, and mainly address the defects of conventional metal filter elements in the prior art such as high filtration resistance and low flux under low-pressure working environments. The preparation method of the present invention comprises the steps of: stirring and defoaming a mixture composed of a Fe—Al-based metal powder and an organic-additive-added water-based solvent, thus obtaining a cast slurry; casting a uniform membrane layer on a metal substrate layer having a required thickness on a casting machine, and performing drying treatment on it, thus obtaining a membrane green body; and, placing the dried membrane green body in a sintering furnace for degreasing, sintering, and alloy phase ordering treatments, respectively, thus obtain a prepared Fe—Al-based metal membrane.

An object of the present invention is to provide a porous ceramic laminate that can reduce pressure loss of a fluid. The present invention is a porous ceramic laminate comprising a first porous layer and a second porous layer, wherein the second porous layer is laminated on the first porous layer, the second porous layer has a portion being laminated on, in contact with, the first porous layer and a portion being laminated over the first porous layer via air, and a coefficient of variance CV (t.sub.b) of the second porous layer thickness is not larger than 0.35.

A method for making a graphene membrane includes applying a suspension of graphene platelets in a fluid onto a porous substrate, and applying a pressure differential to force the fluid through the substrate to yield a filtered fluid while retaining the graphene platelets on the substrate. The graphene platelets and the substrate form the graphene membrane.

A filter for the filtration of a fluid, such as a liquid, includes or is composed of a support element made of a porous ceramic material, the element exhibiting a tubular or parallelepipedal shape delimited by an external surface and including, in its internal portion, a set of adjacent channels with axes parallel to one another and separated from one another by walls of the porous inorganic material, in which at least a portion of the channels and/or at least a portion of the external surface are covered with a porous separating membrane layer, wherein the separating membrane layer is made of a material essentially composed of silicon carbide (SiC), and the content by weight of elemental nitrogen of the layer constituting the porous separating membrane layer is between 0.1% and 2%.

A filter for the filtration of a fluid, such as a liquid, includes or composed of a support element made of a porous ceramic material, the element having a tubular or parallelepipedal shape delimited by an external surface and including, in its internal portion, a set of adjacent channels with axes parallel to one another and separated from one another by walls of the porous inorganic material, wherein at least a portion of the channels and/or at least a portion of the external surface are covered with a porous separating membrane layer, wherein the layer is made of a material essentially composed of sintered grains of silicon carbide (SiC), and the weight content of elemental oxygen of the layer is less than 0.5%.

Mesoporous membranes have shown promising separation performance with a potential to lower the energy consumption, leading to a dramatic cost reduction. Recently, an extensive effort has been made on the design of membranes which brought a significant progress toward the synthesis of well-defined porous morphologies, most of which synthesized by surfactant-template methodology. Currently, the most well-designed state-of-the-art membranes using this technique are made from metals, polymers, carbon, silica, etc. In the present invention, we demonstrate mesoporous calcium-silicate particles having superior separation capacity and optimal permeability, thereby leading to reduced energy consumption for selective separation of gases/liquids and/or the combination thereof. We explore various methods to improve the calcium-silicate membranes properties by tuning pore density during the synthesis/aging process, while favoring the formation of uniformly distributed nanopores. Lowering particle density by controlling calcium to silicon ratio along with optimizing the surface area are essential in achieving our objective.

Methods for forming an ultrathin GO membrane are provided. The method can include: dispersing a single-layered graphene oxide powder in deionized water to form a single-layered graphene oxide dispersion; centrifuging the graphene oxide dispersion to remove aggregated graphene oxide material from the single-layered graphene oxide dispersion; thereafter, diluting the single-layered graphene oxide dispersion by about ten times or more through addition of deionized water to the graphene oxide dispersion; and thereafter, passing the single-layered graphene oxide dispersion through a substrate such that a graphene oxide membrane is formed on the substrate. Filtration membranes are also provided and can include: a graphene oxide membrane having a thickness of about 1.8 nm to about 180 nm, with the graphene oxide membrane comprises about 3 to about 30 layers of graphene oxide flakes.

A composite oxygen ion transport membrane having a dense layer, a porous support layer, an optional intermediate porous layer located between the porous support layer and the dense layer and an optional surface exchange layer, overlying the dense layer. The dense layer has electronic and ionic phases. The ionic phase is composed of scandia doped, yttrium or cerium stabilized zirconia. The electronic phase is composed of a metallic oxide containing lanthanum, strontium, chromium, iron and cobalt. The porous support layer is composed of zirconia partially stabilized with yttrium, scandium, aluminum or cerium or mixtures thereof. The intermediate porous layer, if used, contains the same ionic and electronic phases as the dense layer. The surface exchange layer is formed of an electronic phase of a metallic oxide of lanthanum and strontium that also contains chromium, iron and cobalt and an ionic phase of scandia doped zirconia stabilized with yttrium or cerium.

A separation membrane structure comprises a porous support body, a zeolite membrane formed on the porous support body and comprising pores having a major diameter and a minor diameter. The ratio of a major diameter to a minor diameter is greater than 1.0. The minor diameter is greater than or equal to 0.30 nm and less than or equal to 0.35 nm.

The present invention relates to a membrane comprising a flat, flexible substrate having a plurality of openings and having a porous inorganic coating situated on and in said substrate, the material of the substrate being selected from woven or non-woven, electrically non-conductive fibers, characterized in that the substrate comprises polyaramide fibers that are pure or connected to fibers of the further polymer or at least of one of these further polymers, wherein the fibers of at least one of said further polymers comprise a melting point that is lower than the decomposition point of the polyaramide fibers.