An oil-water separation membrane is described. The oil-water separation membrane comprises a porous metal sheet with a photocatalyst layer on one side and a layer of nanoparticles and a surfactant on the other side. The layer of nanoparticles and surfactant create a superoleophobic and superhydrophilic coating that allows passage of an aqueous phase and rejection of an oil phase. The photocatalyst layer, combined with UV irradiation, enables degradation of organic contaminants in the aqueous phase. The oil-water separation membrane may be used as part of an oil-water separation system, and a filtered water product may be recycled through the membrane to increase the removal of organic contaminants.

Described herein is a graphene and polyvinyl alcohol based multilayer composite membrane that provides selective resistance for solutes to pass through the membrane while providing water permeability. A selectively permeable membrane comprising a crosslinked graphene with a polyvinyl alcohol and an additive that can provide enhanced salt separation from water, methods for making such membranes, and methods of using the membranes for dehydrating or removing solutes from water are also described.

The invention provides a continuous preparation method of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, comprising the following steps: carrying out liquid-phase catalytic telomerization reaction on ethylene and carbon tetrachloride serving as initial raw materials in the presence of a composite catalyst to obtain a reaction product; performing two-stage membrane separation and purification on the reaction product, and then sequentially performing a primary high-temperature cracking reaction, a gas-phase chlorination reaction, a secondary high-temperature cracking reaction, a primary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction and a secondary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction to obtain a reaction product; condensing and rectifying the secondary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction product to obtain the 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene product.

An object is to provide a porous film which has excellent removal performance of viruses and the like and a long lifetime, a virus removal method which uses the porous film as a filter, a method for producing a virus-free product which uses the porous film as a filter and a device which includes the porous film as a filter. In a porous film including a structure of spherical pores communicating with each other, an interconnected pore is an opening of the spherical pores communicating with each other, and the pore diameter of the interconnected pore is set to 10 nm or more and 35 nm or less, and the number of spherical pores which are present between one surface of the porous film and the other surface thereof and are 50 nm or more and 200 nm or less is set to 200 or more and 1000 or less.

Membranes, methods of making the membranes, and methods of using the membranes are described herein. The membranes can comprise a support layer, and a selective polymer layer disposed on the support layer. In some cases, the support layer can comprise a gas permeable polymer and hydrophilic additive dispersed within the gas permeable polymer. In some cases, the selective polymer layer can comprise a selective polymer matrix and carbon nanotubes dispersed within the selective polymer matrix. The membranes can exhibit selective permeability to gases. As such, the membranes can be for the selective removal of carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen sulfide from hydrogen and/or nitrogen.

A preparation method of a zeolite/polyimide composite membrane includes: synthesizing a zeolite-doped polyamic acid precursor casting solution by condensation polymerization synthesis; coating a substrate with the obtained casting solution, and obtaining a zeolite/polyamic acid composite porous membrane by non-solvent induced phase separation; and obtaining the zeolite/polyimide composite membrane by performing thermal imidization on the zeolite/polyamic acid composite porous membrane through gradient heating.

Disclosed herein are ceramic selective membranes and methods of forming the ceramic selective membranes by forming a selective silica ceramic on a porous membrane substrate.

A continuous process for making polyolefines are disclosed. The process involves a membrane-assisted separation of non-reacted olefins downstream a polymerisation reactor and enables economical production of polyolefines from non-polymer grade olefin monomers. Uses of membranes adapted to such processes are also disclosed. And, further disclosed are membranes, membrane modules, and separation units adapted to such process as well as polymerisation plants comprising such membrane separation units.

Disclosed herein are asymmetric multilayer carbon molecular sieve (CMS) hollow fiber membranes and processes for preparing the membranes. The processes include simultaneously extruding a core dope containing a polymer and suitable nanoparticles, a sheath dope, and a bore fluid, followed by pyrolysis of the extruded fiber.

The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes a stack of two-dimensional metal carbide layers. A two-dimensional metal carbide included in the two-dimensional metal carbide layers may have the formula Ti.sub.3C.sub.2T.sub.x, where T represents a terminating functional group, and x represents a number of the terminating functional groups. The terminating group may be oxygen, hydroxide (OH), fluorine or combinations thereof. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane includes nano-channels which are selectively permeable to ions. The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membrane is selectivity permeable to a number of different cations, including Li.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Mg.sup.2+, Ca.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+ and Al.sup.3+, with counter Cl.sup. anions. Permeation rates depend on the charges of the cations and the ions' hydrated radius, with a critical point around 4.0 . The two-dimensional metal carbide desalination membranes can be used as desalination and/or water filtration membranes.