The present utility model discloses a water purifier filter cartridge of simple structure, comprising a filter cartridge cylinder, wherein a central tube coaxial with the filter cartridge cylinder is disposed in the filter cartridge cylinder; a first cavity is formed in the central tube; a filter cartridge body is disposed outside the central tube; the filter cartridge body comprises an RO membrane and a pre-filtering membrane; the RO membrane is wound around the central tube; several water holes communicating the first cavity with the RO membrane are formed in the side wall of the central tube; the pre-filtering membrane is wound outside the RO membrane; a second cavity is formed between the pre-filtering membrane and the filter cartridge cylinder; a first water gap, a second water gap and a third water gap are formed in the top of the filter cartridge cylinder; the first water gap communicates with the first cavity; and the second water gap communicates with the second cavity. According to the water purifier filter cartridge of simple structure of the present utility model, the filter cartridge structure is simplified, the cost is lowered, connection of a water path of the filter cartridge in a water purifier is more convenient, mounting errors and omissions are reduced, the assembling efficiency is improved, and the structure of the water purifier filter cartridge is further improved.

A tangential filter for filtration of a fluid includes a support element, wherein, along a transverse plane perpendicular to the central axis of the support element a) the support element includes in its central portion only inner channels that do not share a common wall with its outer surface, the inner channels having a substantially equivalent hydraulic diameter, b) the support element includes peripheral channels, including at least first and second adjacent peripheral channels, each of the two channels sharing a common wall with the outer surface, c) the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the first channel to the hydraulic diameter of the second channel is greater than or equal to 1.1, d) the number of peripheral first channels is greater than or equal to the number of peripheral second channels, e) the second channel has a hydraulic diameter substantially identical to the hydraulic diameter of the inner channels.

Reactor/separator elements for performing the generation and/or separation of hydrogen gas with improved efficiency have a central core and a separation layer that, in combination, define at least one spiral gas flow channel extending from one end of the central core to the opposite end of the central core. In use, the reactor/separator element may be placed in a housing which constrains gas on the outside of the reactor/separator element into the spiral channel defined by the outside of the separation layer.

A fluid separation apparatus comprising a fluid separation membrane is provided. The fluid separation apparatus comprises a fluid separation membrane extending in one direction and having a cross-section with a closed curve shape, wherein the fluid separation membrane has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and an outer diameter of 60 mm to 360 mm when the cross-section is adjusted to be circular.

In some embodiments thereof, the present invention describes TFF (Tangential Flow Filtration) filtration devices that utilize tubular membranes for the separation of cells and particles. These devices encompass several innovative features, including the use of membrane tubes with either circular or non-circular cross-sections. These tubes are closely surrounded by both tube housing and filter housing to regulate the pressure of the liquid exiting the filter housing. Additionally, the membrane tubes may feature internal cores within their lumens and/or structures along their inner walls. These internal features serve to regulate flow patterns and pressures within the tubes. One notable aspect of this invention is the inclusion of features on the tube housing or tube core that effectively regulate pressure resistance and feed flow patterns. These features lead to a reduction in the required recirculation rate and contribute to improved transmembrane pressure profiles, making these membrane filters highly effective for cell retention in cell culture and other applications. The patent also introduces various filter designs that incorporate tubular membranes into TFF filtration devices to achieve multiple goals, including a more consistent TMP (Transmembrane Pressure) profile for efficient separation, reduced recirculation rates to generate adequate shear rates, higher packing densities of membrane surface areas within the same filter design, and enhanced manufacturability and recyclability of the filters. Overall, this invention represents a significant advancement in the field of TFF filtration, offering innovative solutions for a wide range of applications in the separation of cells and particles.

A separator element comprising a porous rigid single-piece substrate (2) presenting firstly, at its periphery, a perimeter wall (2.sub.1) that is continuous between an inlet (4) for the fluid medium for treatment at one end of the porous substrate and an outlet (5) for the retentate at the other end of the porous substrate, and secondly, internally, a surface covered by a separator layer (6) and defining an open structure made up of empty spaces (3) for passing a flow of the fluid medium for treatment. The empty spaces (3) are arranged in the porous substrate so as to create within the porous substrate a first flow network (R1) for the fluid medium for treatment, having at least two interconnected flow circuits (R1.sub.1, R1.sub.2) for the fluid medium between the inlet (4) and the outlet (5) of the porous substrate.

The present invention relates to water treatment process using pyrophylite ceramic membrane which purifies contaminant from wastewater by applying the pyrophylite ceramic membrane with immersion type, more particularly, in the water treatment process using the pyrophylite ceramic membrane including pyrophylite with 80 weight and alumina with 20 weight, characterized that comprises a S-1 step which pyrophylite ceramic membrane 10 is embedded and raw water is supplied to a reactor 100 blocked from outside, a S-2 step which obtains permenate water by operating suction pump 130 connected with the pyrophylite ceramic membrane 10, a S-3 step which recovers gas generated from the reactor 100 and a S-4 step which circulates part of gas generated from the reactor 100 to the reactor 100.

An elongated fluid degassing apparatus may be employed as a fluid transfer line for fluidly connecting components in a liquid system, while at the same time degassing, or preventing re-gassing of, the fluid. The fluid transfer line degassing apparatus forms a shell and tube degassing arrangement, wherein shell-side fluid flow is facilitated by one or more spacer elements that centrally position a semi-permeable separation membrane in the shell chamber. The degasser may include one or more tubular separation membranes that provide a gas-permeable, liquid-impermeable contact surface to effect the gas-liquid separation of the process fluid.

A tangential filter for filtration of a fluid includes a support element, wherein, along a transverse plane perpendicular to the central axis of the support element a) the support element includes in its central portion only inner channels that do not share a common wall with its outer surface, the inner channels having a substantially equivalent hydraulic diameter, b) the support element includes peripheral channels, including at least first and second adjacent peripheral channels, each of the two channels sharing a common wall with the outer surface, c) the ratio of the hydraulic diameter of the first channel to the hydraulic diameter of the second channel is greater than or equal to 1.1, d) the number of peripheral first channels is greater than or equal to the number of peripheral second channels, e) the second channel has a hydraulic diameter substantially identical to the hydraulic diameter of the inner channels.

Systems and methods are provided that obtain the same or better level of performance by using lower operating flow rates, pressures and/or optimized flow distributions within the system. This extends the life of system components and lower energy consumption. In one embodiment, gas separation (or sieve) beds that are used to separate gaseous components are provided that have lower flow and pressure requirements compared to conventional beds. The sieve beds include, for example, a diffuser having low solid area in cross-section and maximum open area for flow while providing adequate mechanical properties to contain sieve material and support filter media. In another embodiment, systems and methods are provided having an indicator when a component has been serviced or repaired. This provides an indication whether the component has been tampered with in any manner. This allows the manufacturer to determine if the component was serviced, repaired, or tampered with outside the manufacturer's domain.