A hollow fiber membrane is formed by embedding a braid having a spiral open weave of monofilaments only, to avoid a whiskering problem. The open weave is characterized by contiguous, circumferential, rhomboid-shaped areas of polymer film separated by monofilaments. When the braid is supported on a plasticized PVA cable having a scalloped periphery, the braid can be infiltrated with membrane polymer which, when coagulated, embeds the braid positioning it around the lumen. The embedded spiral weave, free of any circumferentially constricting monofilament, allows the membrane to be biaxially distensible. The membrane has give not only in the axial or longitudinal direction but also in the radial direction. Give in the radial direction permits soiled membranes to be backwashed under higher pressure than in a comparable braid which is not radially distensible.

An embodiment an apparatus, including: a housing that permits airflow there-through; an air permeable filter disposed in the housing; where the air permeable filter is angled such that it does not sit in a horizontal plane across the housing; and an attachment mechanism for securing the housing to an enclosure that houses heat generating electronics. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a composite hollow-fiber membrane having high permeability and high membrane strength; and a production method therefor. The present invention pertains to a composite hollow-fiber membrane that at least has a layer (A) and a layer (B), wherein the layer (A) contains a thermoplastic resin, the layer (A) is provided with a co-continuous structure comprising voids and a phase containing the thermoplastic resin, the co-continuous structure has a structural cycle of 1-1000 nm, and the hole area rate H.sub.A of the layer (A) and the hole area rate H.sub.B of the layer (B) fulfill the relation: H.sub.A<H.sub.B.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a separation film that consists primarily of a cellulose ester and has a high membrane strength and a high elongation degree; and a production method therefor. Provided is a separation film which has a structure comprising a cellulose ester phase and pores, wherein the average pore diameter R is 0.001-6 m, the value obtained from the expression: breaking strength (MPa)(100porosity (%))100 is 40 or greater, and the elongation degree is 10% or greater.

The invention relates to filtration system (20), comprising a tank (40) filled at least partly with water to be filtered, and at least one filtration module (30), the at least one filtration module (30) comprising at least one filter membrane (10) for filtering the water comprising a substrate (12) which is penetrated by at least one capillary (16), and at least one filtrate pipe (32) for drawing filtered water out of the tank (40), whereat the at least one filtration module (30) is arranged in the tank (40) such that the at least one filter membrane (10) is submerged at least partly in the water to be filtered. The at least one filtration module (30) is designed and arranged such that water to be filtered flows into the at least one capillary (16) and from the at least one capillary (16) through the substrate (12) into the filtrate pipe (32). The invention also relates to a method for filtering water by means of a filtration system (20) according to the invention, whereat the water to be filtered is drawn into the at least one capillary (16) and from the at least one capillary (16) through the substrate (12) into the filtrate pipe (32) and from the filtrate pipe (32) out of the tank (40).

Systems and methods can be used to produce fibers with external corrugations, internal corrugations, or both. These fibers can be used, for example, in hollow fiber membrane modules

Systems and methods can be used to produce fibers with external corrugations, internal corrugations, or both. These fibers can be used, for example, in hollow fiber membrane modules.

A hollow fibre membrane having a coiled, a hemihelix, a helical or an undulated native form, in which the membrane can be stretched by up to 4-times its original length with no plastic deformation, and wherein the native form of the membrane is produced by the asymmetric flow of liquid polymer through an opening of a die or nozzle.

Chromatography devices and methods for forming and using the devices are described. The devices include a polyimide-based support phase and a polymer grafted to a surface of the polyimide-based support phase. A microwave-assisted graft polymerization protocol is described to form the polymer at the surface of the support phase. Devices can be utilized in high-efficiency separation of macromolecules such as proteins.

A carbon membrane for fluid separation, i.e., a fiber-form carbon membrane for fluid separation, has protrusions having a height difference of at least 1 m formed on the fiber surface. In the carbon membrane for fluid separation, adhesion between membranes is inhibited and clogging tends not to occur when a gas mixture containing water vapor is separated. A carbon membrane module for fluid separation that includes the fibrous carbon membrane for fluid separation is also disclosed.