A semipermeable arrangement for use in clinical, agricultural, industrial and/or environmental settings. The semipermeable arrangement has a structural arrangement formed from a material such as ePTFE that has an affinity to a lubricating fluid such as perfluorocarbon. The structural arrangement may be infused with a lubricating fluid such that the semipermeable arrangement resists fouling. The semipermeable arrangement is further arranged with barriers to prevent or limit the movement of the lubricating fluid through at least part of the structural arrangement. The semipermeable arrangement further has passageways that are free from the presence of, and/or cannot be infused with, lubricating fluid. The passageways permit the movement of fluids such as air, water and dissolved substances through the structural arrangement. The semipermeable arrangement is thereby both self-cleaning and porous and has a wide range of uses.

The present invention relates to a CO.sub.2 selective gas separation membrane and a method for preparing the gas separation membrane and the use thereof. The CO.sub.2 selective gas separation membrane comprises a gas permeable or porous support layer; and at least one gas permeable polymer layer, which is surface modified with polymer chains having CO.sub.2 philic groups, wherein the gas permeable polymer layer has a spatially controlled distribution of the CO.sub.2 philic groups on the surface thereof. The method of preparing the CO.sub.2 selective gas separation membrane, comprises the steps of: depositing at least one gas permeable polymer layer on a porous or gas permeable support layer to form a dense membrane, and surface modifying the dense membrane with polymer chains having CO.sub.2 philic groups, to obtain spatially controlled distribution of the CO.sub.2 philic groups on the surface thereof.

The present invention relates to CO.sub.2 capture from gas mixtures by use of gas separation membranes. In particular, the invention relates to a gas separation membrane comprising: a gas permeable or porous support layer; and at least one CO.sub.2 selective polymer layer comprising carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes fixed within the at least one CO.sub.2 selective polymer layer. The present invention also relates to the method of separating CO.sub.2 from a gas and to the use of the gas separation membrane.

This invention discloses a thin-film composite thin-film composite membrane that is useful for the separation of solute species in organic solvents and particularly in aggressive, high boiling-point, polar-aprotic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide, (DMSO), N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF). Thin-film composite separation performance and durability is greatly enhanced through electrostatic crosslinking of an ionomer selective layer by incorporation of a multi-valent counter-ion. The thin-film composite is resistant to contact with amines and the separation efficiency is tunable by choice of multi-valent counter-ion or through the applied pressure differential across the membrane.

Systems and methods described herein may produce a modified substrate. A process for producing a modified substrate may include providing a substrate that is 5 microns or less in thickness, ion tracking the substrate, and etching the tracked substrate with an etchant to produce a plurality of pores in the substrate. In some implementations, the substrate may be a polymer. In some implementations, the ion tracking may include controlling a flux of ions passing through the substrate to achieve a desired pore density. In some implementations, the track-etching of the substrate may create a 10% or more porosity in the substrate. In some implementations, the process may further include using the track-etched substrate as a support substrate for at least one of a single-layer graphene film, multi-layer graphene film, stack of graphene films, nanostructure of graphene flakes, or nanostructure of graphene platelets.

Described herein is a crosslinked graphene based composite membrane that provides selective resistance to fluids solutes while providing water permeability, such as a selectively permeable membrane comprising a crosslinked graphene with a polyvinyl alcohol and silica-nanoparticle layer that can provide enhanced water separation. Also described herein are methods for making such membranes and methods of using the membranes for dehydrating or removing solutes from water.

An article having a nanoporous membrane and a nanoporous graphene sheet layered on the nanoporous membrane. A method of: depositing a layer of a diblock copolymer onto a graphene sheet, and etching a minor phase of the diblock copolymer and a portion of the graphene in contact with the minor phase to form a nanoporous article having a nanoporous graphene sheet and a nanoporous layer of a polymer. A method of: depositing a hexaiodo-substituted macrocycle onto a substrate having a Ag(111) surface; coupling the macrocycle to form a nanoporous graphene sheet; layering the graphene sheet and substrate onto a nanoporous membrane with the graphene sheet in contact with the nanoporous membrane; and etching away the substrate.

An article having a nanoporous membrane and a nanoporous graphene sheet layered on the nanoporous membrane with the nanoporous membrane and the nanoporous graphene sheet in direct contact. A method of: depositing a layer of a diblock copolymer onto a graphene sheet, etching a minor phase of the diblock copolymer and a portion of the graphene in contact with the minor phase to form a nanoporous article having a nanoporous graphene sheet and a nanoporous layer of a polymer, and removing the nanoporous layer of a polymer.

A separation membrane sheet that causes a specific fluid component to selectively permeate therethrough, comprises: a first porous layer; and a resin composition layer formed on the first porous layer. The resin composition layer has a filtration residue fraction of greater than or equal to 20% and less than or equal to 90%; and contains a resin having an ionic group or a salt thereof, and has an ion exchange capacity of greater than or equal to 1 millimole equivalent per 1 g of a dry resin in a filtration residue.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems, apparatus, and methods for fluid purification (e.g., water) with a ceramic membrane. For example, the present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to a cross-flow fluid filtration assembly comprising (a) membrane housing comprising a plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes (b) an inlet configured to receive the contaminated fluid and to channel a contaminated fluid to the first end of the plurality of hexagonal prism shaped membranes, and (c) an outlet configured to receive a permeate released from the second end of the plurality of hexagonal shaped membranes. The present disclosure also relates to a cross-flow fluid filtration module comprising a fluid path defined by a contaminated media inlet chamber, a fluid filtration assembly positioned in a permeate chamber and a concentrate chamber.