An electrochemical system utilizes an anion conducting layer disposed between an anode and a cathode for transporting a working fluid. The working fluid may include carbon dioxide that is dissolved in water and is partially converted to carbonic acid that is equilibrium with bicarbonate anion. An electrical potential across the anode and cathode creates a pH gradient that drives the bicarbonate anion across the anion conducting layer to the cathode, wherein it is reformed into carbon dioxide. Therefore, carbon dioxide is pumped across the anion conducting layer.

A coated, thin-film composite membrane includes a porous support and a polyamide barrier layer in contact with the porous support. A fouling-resistant and antimicrobial layer of star polymers is in contact with the polyamide barrier layer. The star polymers included hydrophilic arms of about 40 mol % to about 80 mol % of neutral hydrophilic moieties, and about 60 mol % to about 20 mol % of antimicrobial functional groups.

A bipolar membrane comprising a cation exchange mat of one or more cation exchange polymers, an anion exchange mat of one or more anion exchange polymers, and an internal 3D bipolar interface, disposed between the cation and anion exchange layers, including a mixture of at least one cation exchange polymer and at least one anion exchange polymer, such that an interface of the at least one cation exchange polymer and the at least one anion exchange polymer is the internal 3D bipolar interface that has a large area, and the at least one cation exchange polymer in the 3D bipolar interface is connected to the one or more cation exchange polymers of the cation exchange layer, and the at least one anion exchange polymer in the 3D bipolar interface is connected to the one or more anion exchange polymers of the anion exchange layer.

A filter medium includes first and second porous films mainly containing fluororesin, and a pre-collection member upstream of the first film. The pre-collection member has a pressure drop when air is passed through at a flow rate of 5.3 cm/s of between 15 Pa and 55 Pa, a collection efficiency of NaCl particles having a particle diameter of 0.3 m when air containing the particles is passed through at a flow rate of 5.3 cm/s of between 25% and 80%, a thickness of 0.4 mm or less, and a PF value between 7 and 15. A ratio of the PF value of the pre-collection member to the PF value when the first and second films are overlapped, is between 0.20 and 0.45. The filter medium can be in a filter pack or filter unit, and produced by integrating the films and the pre-collection member using heat lamination.

A method includes spreading a solution including a polyether and a photoinitiator onto a hydrophilic porous membrane, impregnating hydrophilic the porous membrane with the solution, and curing the solution located within the hydrophilic porous membrane by exposure to ultraviolet light to produce a composite membrane.

An oil-water separation membrane is described. The oil-water separation membrane comprises a porous metal sheet with a photocatalyst layer on one side and a layer of nanoparticles and a surfactant on the other side. The layer of nanoparticles and surfactant create a superoleophobic and superhydrophilic coating that allows passage of an aqueous phase and rejection of an oil phase. The photocatalyst layer, combined with UV irradiation, enables degradation of organic contaminants in the aqueous phase. The oil-water separation membrane may be used as part of an oil-water separation system, and a filtered water product may be recycled through the membrane to increase the removal of organic contaminants.

A membrane arrangement for the permeative separation of a gas from gas mixtures has a porous, gas-permeable, metallic support substrate, a membrane formed on the support substrate and selectively permeable for the gas to be separated off. A ceramic, gas-permeable, porous, first intermediate layer is formed between the support substrate and the membrane and directly on the support substrate. A gastight, metallic coupling part is joined by a material-to-material bond to the support substrate. The support substrate and the coupling part are separated by a dividing line. The intermediate layer extends towards the coupling part over the gas-permeable surface of the porous support substrate at least to a distance of 2 mm from the dividing line and extends over the gastight surface of the coupling part by not more than 2 mm beyond the dividing line.

Provided is an acid gas separation membrane that includes an acid gas separation layer containing a hydrophilic resin and an acid gas carrier, a hydrophobic porous membrane layer supporting the acid gas separation layer, a porous membrane protective layer protecting the acid gas separation layer, and a first layer having a Gurley number of less than or equal to 0.5 times a Gurley number of the hydrophobic porous membrane layer and the porous membrane protective layer, the Gurley number of the first layer being greater than or equal to 0.1 s and less than or equal to 30 s. Also provided is an acid gas separation method using the acid gas separation membrane, as well as an acid gas separation module and an acid gas separation apparatus that each include the acid gas separation membrane.

The present invention is related to a method for fabricating multilayer singlebore membranes (10) or multilayer multibore membranes (20) for ultrafiltration applications including the following method steps: (a) feeding at least a material of a substrate (12), at least one material of a functional layer (14, 15) and a bore fluid (36) to a spinneret (30) simultaneously; (b) forming said membranes (10, 20) as a tube-like string (54) in a one-step process in said spinneret (30); (c) thereby assigning a functionality to said functional layer (14, 15) applied on at least one surface (13, 17) of said substrate (12). The invention is also related to a spinneret (30) for fabricating multilayer singlebore membranes (10) or multilayer multibore membranes (20), using the inventive method, and to a system comprising such a spinneret (30).

A gas separation membrane, the gas separation membrane module, and the gas separation device each have a support, a resin layer, a separation layer, and a protective layer in this order, in which the resin layer includes a compound having a siloxane bond, the protective layer is in direct contact with the separation layer, a composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the resin layer, the composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the separation layer, and the separation layer has a maximum value of a silicon atom content of 2 atomic % or less in a composition of a half area on a side of the protective layer in a thickness direction.