A filtration membrane, suitably for water filtration, comprising a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer has a lamellar structure comprising at least two layers of two-dimensional material. The two-dimensional material comprises graphene or a derivative thereof. There is also provided a method for producing filtration membranes and filtration devices containing the filtration membranes.

Described herein are protective coatings for reverse osmosis membranes comprising coating mixtures of graphene oxide crosslinked with copolymers. The crosslinked GO copolymer mixture coatings provide protection from chlorine-based defoulers of saline water and unprocessed fluids. The coated membranes described herein create a reverse osmosis structure that has excellent water flux and salt rejection. The crosslinking copolymers can comprise an optionally substituted vinyl imidazole constituent unit and an optionally substituted acrylic amide constituent unit.

An industrial wastewater filtration membrane and method for manufacture is disclosed herein. The membrane has three layers: a support layer of nonwoven fabric such as PET, a polysulfone nanofiber filtering membrane layer, and a nanoporous polyamide active separating layer. The polysulfone layer is electrospun onto the support layer. The polyamide layer is electrosprayed onto the polysulfone layer. The resulting membrane has a pure water flux rate of at 0.48 MPa that is between 40-200 liters per square meter per hour, a rejection rate of sodium chloride of 10-85% with inlet sodium chloride concentration of 2000 ppm, and a rejection rate of magnesium sulphate of 80-97% with inlet magnesium sulphate concentration of 2000 ppm.

The present invention discloses a highly selective alicyclic polyamide nanofiltration membrane and a making method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: alternately and uniformly coating at least an alicyclic acid chloride solution and at least an alicyclic amine solution on a porous support membrane, using a spin coating method or a soaking method, to form at least one layer of the alicyclic polyamide nanofiltration membrane. Preferred embodiments exhibit improved ion selectivity, e.g. increased water flux, enhanced divalent/monovalent rejection selectivity, reduced fouling and improved divalent rejection rate (Ca.sup.2+, Mg.sup.2+) compared to the traditional aromatic-alicyclic mixed-structure polyamide nanofiltration membrane and/or the whole aromatic polyamide nanofiltration membrane. Therefore, the alicyclic polyamide nanofiltration membranes made in the present invention has great application prospect in the fields of zero-liquid discharge of industrial wastewater, water softening, and produce water treatment, etc.

A nanofiber for a filter medium is provided that includes fiber-forming ingredients including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and an emulsifying agent for improving the miscibility of the fiber-forming ingredients. The nanofiber has excellent mechanical strength and chemical resistance and, at the same time, significantly increased hydrophilicity without a separate surface modification/treatment to/on the nanofiber. A filter medium comprising said nanofiber can exhibit improved flux and filtration efficiency and excellent physical properties in a water treatment process in which a pressure equal to or more than a predetermined level is applied and which requires the filter medium to have high mechanical strength and in a water treatment process which requires chemical resistance as the liquid being filtered is strongly acidic or alkaline. Further, since the nanofiber has significantly superior spinnability, the mass productivity of the filter medium is significantly improved, and the unit costs of production can be reduced.

A membrane assembly for the permeative separation of a fluid from fluid mixtures includes a porous, fluid-permeable, metallic support substrate, a membrane that is disposed on the support substrate and is selectively permeable to the fluid to be separated off, and a connecting part which is formed, at least on the surface, of a fluid-tight, metallic material. The support substrate is cohesively bonded along a peripheral section thereof to the connecting part. A ceramic, fluid-permeable, porous, first intermediate layer is disposed between the support substrate and the membrane. At least one ceramic bonding layer is disposed directly on the connecting part and the material bond and extends at least over the cohesive material bond and an adjoining section of the connecting part. The first intermediate layer ends on the bonding layer and has a greater average pore size than the bonding layer.

The present invention relates to a porous composite separator filled with a high heat-resistant porous polymer having nano-sized pores in addition to micro-sized wide pores formed among fibers of a porous support formed of the fibers, and to a manufacturing method therefor. The porous composite separator of the present invention has excellent strength, resistance to electrolyte swelling, and heat resistance and a minimized thickness change, and thus can provide a thin film type separator.

A filtration membrane coating comprising a hydrophilic polymer, a surfactant, and one or more charged compounds, each containing one or more sulfonate functionalities and one or more linkable functionalities selected from the group consisting of amine, monochlorotriazine, and dichlorotriazine. The hydrophilic polymer and surfactant form a thin primer layer which is also superhydrophilic. The primer layer improves flux, and enables improved adhesion of the one or more charged compounds, which form a charged dye layer on top of the primer layer when enhances rejection of charged divalent ions. The coating can be applied while the membrane is packaged in its final form, such as in a spiral wound or other configuration.

An apparatus is disclosed for separating and preserving biomolecules of a biological fluid sample. The apparatus includes an assembly having sides forming a hollow shape having a first opening at one end and second opening at the opposite end, a sample mixing chamber positioned adjacent the first opening within the assembly, the sample mixing chamber from which a flow of the biological fluid sample is actuated in a direction from the sample mixing chamber to the first matrix layer, the sample mixing chamber being in a direction downstream of the first opening, a first valve positioned between the sample mixing chamber and the first matrix layer, the first valve configured to control the flow to the first matrix layer, a first input in fluid communication with the sample mixing chamber and positioned upstream of the first valve, a second input positioned between the first matrix layer and the second matrix layer, and a second valve positioned between the second matrix layer and the second opening, the second valve configured to control the flow to the second matrix layer.

A multilayer composite membrane consists essentially of a porous support layer, an inorganic porous layer, a polymer porous layer, and a separation layer. The inorganic porous layer consists of inorganic particles and is disposed on the porous support layer. The polymer porous layer is disposed on the inorganic porous layer. The separation layer is disposed on the polymer porous layer.