The present invention relates to a hydrogen ion conductive multilayer composite membrane comprising one or more inner reinforced membrane comprising a porous PTFE layer impregnated with an ionomer composition and outer reinforced membranes positioned on both sides of the inner reinforced membrane, wherein the outer reinforced membranes comprise a porous PTFE layer impregnated with an ionomer composition.

The present invention relates to a new high-throughput process for reducing impurities in essential oils and extracts (in particular for fragrances, fragrance ingredients, flavours and cosmetic ingredients) under mild conditions. Undesirable natural components such as waxes, but also synthetic materials such as agrochemicals and other environmental pollutants are reduced by using at least one selective nanofiltration membrane. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for reducing coloured components in essential oils to obtain a less coloured or even colourless essential oil, while achieving high re-colouration stability over time. Further, the odour quality is maintained or increased through reduction of undesirable olfactory substances to achieve a purified and higher quality oil.

A composite body comprising a porous layer (1) made from oxide particles connected to one another and partially to a substrate, containing at least one oxide of the elements Al, Zr, Ti or Si, and comprising a further porous layer (2) at least on one side, having oxide particles connected to one another and partially to the layer (1) and containing at least one oxide of the elements Al, Zr, Ti or Si, wherein the oxide particles in the layer (1) have a greater average particle size (d.sub.50 is 0.5 to 4 m) than the oxide particles in the layer (2) (d.sub.50 is 0.015 to 0.15 m), characterised in that a polymer coating (PB) is provided on or above the layer (2), containing one or more polysiloxanes. A method for producing corresponding composite bodies and to the use thereof.

A gas separation method includes supplying a mixed gas to a zeolite membrane complex and permeating a high permeability gas through the zeolite membrane complex to separate the high permeability gas from other gases. The mixed gas includes a high permeability gas and a trace gas that is lower in concentration than the high permeability gas. The trace gas contains an organic substance whose molar concentration in the mixed gas is higher than or equal to 1.0 mol %. The adsorption equilibrium constant of the organic substance on the zeolite membrane is less than 150 times the adsorption equilibrium constant of the high permeability gas.

The present application relates to a multizone, unsupported, microporous, high throughput membrane. The membrane includes a first microporous zone, a second microporous zone, and a third microporous zone, where the third microporous zone is positioned between the first and second microporous zones, with the first, second, and third microporous zones being integral with one another. Further aspects of the present application include a process for making the membrane and a filtration cartridge with the membrane of the present application.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a mixed-matrix membrane (MMM), and methods of fabricating a MMM, that includes a filler and a seamless polymer matrix forming a first zone and a second zone. The density of the filler is asymmetric with a greater density of filler within the polymer matrix forming the second zone. A MMM of the present disclosure may be an integrally skinned asymmetric (ISA) MMM or a dense MMM. MMMs of the present disclosure may be utilized in numerous industries. e.g., in the field of organic solvent nanofiltration membranes (OSN), gas separation, fuel cell, battery, catalysis, sensors, pharmaceutical, food and beverages, cosmetics, and composite materials, among others.

The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of an organosilica/ceramic composite membrane with a gradient pore structure. The preparation method comprises: (1) selecting a porous ceramic material as a membrane support layer; (2) gradually replacing a solvent with water to prepare zirconium colloidal sols with different particle sizes, and successively coating the prepared zirconium colloidal sols onto a ceramic support from large to small so as to form a membrane transition layer with a gradient pore structure; and (3) catalytically synthesizing an organosilica polymeric sol using hydrochloric acid, coating the prepared organosilica sol onto the preheated transition layer through ultrasonic thermal spraying to undergo heat treatment, so as to prepare the organosilica/ceramic composite membrane with the gradient pore structure. According to the present disclosure, the transition layer with the gradient pore structure is prepared by using the zirconium colloidal sols with different particle sizes. An ultrathin defect-free organosilica separation layer is prepared through ultrasonic thermal spraying. As a result, the obtained organosilica/ceramic composite membrane can be applied to the fields of salt-containing dye wastewater treatment and polypeptide bioactive substance separation.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a green multilayer sol-gel ceramic membrane for the separation of gaseous CO.sub.2 from natural gas. For being composed solely of ceramic materials (silica and alumina), the ceramic membrane developed by the proposed process has high chemical, physical and mechanical stability as its main characteristics. These characteristics ensure its usefulness in the process of separating CO.sub.2 from natural gas, even in streams having high CO.sub.2 concentrations and under high pressure; the developed membrane further enables backwashing operations to be carried out, when needed.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a supported MOF membrane induced by a low-crystal aggregation structure, as well as the MOF membrane and applications thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) depositing Al-MOF seeds on the surface of a porous support to obtain an Al-MOF seed layer; 2) placing the porous support with the deposited Al-MOF seed layer on its surface in a supersaturated solution for reaction, so as to grow a continuous low-crystal Al-MOF aggregate layer on the surface of the porous support; 3) performing a crystallization reaction on the porous support with the continuous low-crystal Al-MOF aggregate layer grown on its surface to obtain the Al-MOF membrane material; the supersaturated solution includes aluminum salt, ligand and coordination regulator. This method can prepare dense high-valence metal MOF crystal membrane materials, which can be used for efficient separation in various molecular-scale separation systems.

Provided are a polyolefin filtration membrane and a preparation method therefor. The polyolefin filtration membrane includes a main body, both sides of the main body are provided with a first outer surface and a second outer surface, a non-directional tortuous pathway is formed in the main body, and a space between the first outer surface and the second outer surface is composed of continuous fibers. A PMI average pore size of the filtration membrane is 2-100 nm, the filtration membrane has an oxygen-to-carbon ratio in the range from 0.01 to 0.10. High-precision interception and removal of metal particles in a fluid to be filtered, micro-colloidal particles related to metal particles in photoresist, can be achieved through the cooperation between the interception effect of the PMI pore size on the metal particles and the adsorption effect of oxygen-containing functional groups of modified polyolefin molecular chains on the metal particles.