A high-flux silicon carbide ceramic filter membrane and a preparation method thereof are provided. In the preparation method, a separation layer is directly coated at a time on the basis of a support, that is, after the support is sintered, the separation layer is directly coated and then sintered for carbon removal. In the present disclosure, a sintering process and a coating formula are optimized to prevent fine silicon carbide particles from entering micropores of a support due to capillary filtration and film formation during coating, such that a separation layer with an average pore size of 0.2 m or less can be directly coated on a silicon carbide support with an average pore size of 10 m or more, and fine silicon carbide particles can be effectively prevented from entering micropores of the support during the coating.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods of marker based direct integrity testing of at least one membrane comprising: (a) dosing a feed fluid of a loop with at least one marker comprising at least one challenge particle, the loop comprising: the feed fluid; a pump comprising an outlet stream; a membrane module comprising the at least one membrane and a membrane module outlet stream, wherein the membrane module is in fluid communication with the outlet stream; a marker recycle stream in fluid communication with the membrane module outlet stream and the pump; and a means to measure particle concentrations; (b) circulating the feed fluid through the membrane module at least once to produce a filtrate comprising a filtered at least one marker; (c) measuring a filtrate particle concentration of the filtered at least one filtered marker in the filtrate to produce a filtrate concentration measurement; and (d) calculating a log removal value from the filtrate concentration measurement and the feed concentration measurement; wherein the log removal value is less than about 3 m.

In view of above problems, an object of the invention is to provide a primary containment vessel venting system having a structure capable of continuously discharging vapor in a primary containment vessel out of the system and continuously reducing pressure of the primary containment vessel without discharging radioactive noble gases to the outside of the containment vessel and without using an enclosing vessel or a power source. In order to achieve the above object, an nuclear power plant of the invention includes a primary containment vessel which includes a reactor pressure vessel, a radioactive substance separation apparatus which is disposed inside the primary containment vessel and through which the radioactive noble gases do not permeate but vapor permeates, a vent pipe which is connected to the radioactive substance separation apparatus, and an exhaust tower which is connected to the vent pipe and discharges a gas, from which a radioactive substance is removed, to the outside.

The present invention relates to a tangential flow separator element for separating a fluid medium for treatment into a filtrate and a retentate, said separator element having a monolithic rigid porous support (2) of rectilinear structure and having a single channel (3) arranged therein for passing the flow of the fluid medium for treatment, the outside surface (5) of the support presenting a profile that is constant. According to the invention, the monolithic rigid porous support (2) defines obstacles (9) to the flow of the fluid for filtering, which obstacles extend from the inside wall (3.sub.1) of said channel (3), are identical in material and porous texture to the support, and present continuity of material and of porous texture with the support, said obstacles (9) generating variations in the flow section of the channel.

A device, system and method for the detection and screening of plastic microparticles in a sample is disclosed. A nanoporous silicon nitride membrane is used to entrap plastic microparticles contained in the sample. The sample may be a water sample, an air sample, or other liquid or gas sample. The entrapped plastic microparticles are then heated or otherwise processed on the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane. An imaging system observes the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane with the entrapped plastic microparticles to determine the type and quantity of the various plastic microparticles that are entrapped on the membrane.

A device and method for isolating extracellular vesicles from biofluids is disclosed. A nanoporous silicon nitride membrane is provided with a tangential flow of biofluid. A pressure gradient through the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane facilitates capture of extracellular vesicles from the tangential flow vector of biofluid. Reversal of the pressure gradient results in the release of the extracellular vesicles for subsequent collection.

In one embodiment, a separation membrane includes: a porous support structure; and at least one alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support structure. In another embodiment, a method for separating acidic gases from a gas mixture includes exposing the gas mixture to a separation membrane at an elevated temperature, where the separation membrane includes a porous support and at least one molten alkali metal hydroxide disposed within pores of the porous support.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen-releasing film, a composite hydrogen-releasing film and a hydrogen-releasing laminated film that are not prone to embrittlement in the usage environmental temperatures of electrochemical elements. The hydrogen-releasing film containing an alloy, wherein the alloy is a PdAu alloy, and the Au content in the PdAu alloy is 15 mol % or more.

A method of increasing the rate by which a dissimilar material separates from an aqueous-based fluid mixture is disclosed. The method includes the step of passing an aqueous-based fluid through a magnetically conductive conduit having magnetic energy directed along the longitudinal axis of the magnetically conductive conduit and extending through at least a portion of the aqueous-based fluid mixture thereby providing a conditioned fluid medium. The conditioned fluid medium is separated into at least two distinct phases in a ceramic membrane filtration apparatus downstream of the magnetically conductive conduit, wherein at least one dissimilar material separates from the conditioned fluid medium at an increased rate as compared to a rate of separation of at least one dissimilar material from an aqueous-based fluid mixture prior to passing through the magnetically conductive conduit.

A filter membrane of a multi-layer configuration for filtration of a medium is provided with at least one first layer that has as a main component an oxide ceramic material and is provided with at least one second layer that has as a main component a non-oxide ceramic material. The first layer is a carrier layer and the second layer is a separation layer that filters the medium and generates a retentate and a permeate.