Hollow fiber membranes in an oxygenator for an extracorporeal blood circulator are coated with an antithrombotic polymeric material. The porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange have outer surfaces, inner surfaces forming lumens, opening portions through which the outer surfaces communicate with the inner surfaces in a housing. A blood flow path is outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the housing, between a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port. The coating is obtained by filling the blood flow path with a colloidal solution containing an antithrombotic polymeric compound, and moving the colloid solution between the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port for a time that coats a predetermined amount of antithrombotic polymeric compound on the outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes. Other surfaces within the oxygenator contacting the blood flow likewise receive the coating.

Hollow fiber membranes in an oxygenator for an extracorporeal blood circulator are coated with an antithrombotic polymeric material. The porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange have outer surfaces, inner surfaces forming lumens, opening portions through which the outer surfaces communicate with the inner surfaces in a housing. A blood flow path is outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the housing, between a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port. The coating is obtained by filling the blood flow path with a colloidal solution containing an antithrombotic polymeric compound, and moving the colloid solution between the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port for a time that coats a predetermined amount of antithrombotic polymeric compound on the outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes. Other surfaces within the oxygenator contacting the blood flow likewise receive the coating.

The invention relates to a self-supporting highly moisture-permeable heat-insulating aerogel film and a preparation method thereof. The aerogel film is a self-supporting single-layer film with a SiO.sub.2 porous skeleton structure, having a thickness of 150 μm to 300 μm, which increases an exchange rate of vapor by 50% to 200%, and reduces a heat conductivity coefficient by 50% to 90%. The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) preparation of a template; (2) hydrolysis of nano-cellulose; (3) preparation of an aerogel film; and (4) post-treatment of the aerogel film.

The invention provides a continuous preparation method of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, comprising the following steps: carrying out liquid-phase catalytic telomerization reaction on ethylene and carbon tetrachloride serving as initial raw materials in the presence of a composite catalyst to obtain a reaction product; performing two-stage membrane separation and purification on the reaction product, and then sequentially performing a primary high-temperature cracking reaction, a gas-phase chlorination reaction, a secondary high-temperature cracking reaction, a primary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction and a secondary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction to obtain a reaction product; condensing and rectifying the secondary gas-phase catalytic fluorination reaction product to obtain the 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene product.

A device for preparing a liquid sample for a direct injection of a corresponding gaseous sample to a micro-gas chromatograph includes: a fluid space and a gas space, which spaces are separated by a semipermeable separating layer, the fluid space including a supply line for the liquid sample, and the gas space having an outlet connectable with the gas chromatograph. The fluid space and/or the gas space is associated with at least one heating element. The device absorbs a sample volume of approximately 10 μl to 30 μl. The separating layer has a thickness of 10 μl to 300 μl and pores having a size between 0.05 μl and 5 μl.

A device for preparing a liquid sample for a direct injection of a corresponding gaseous sample to a micro-gas chromatograph includes: a fluid space and a gas space, which spaces are separated by a semipermeable separating layer, the fluid space including a supply line for the liquid sample, and the gas space having an outlet connectable with the gas chromatograph. The fluid space and/or the gas space is associated with at least one heating element. The device absorbs a sample volume of approximately 10 μl to 30 μl. The separating layer has a thickness of 10 μl to 300 μl and pores having a size between 0.05 μl and 5 μl.

A carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membrane may advantageously be made by pyrolyzing a membrane precursor composition comprised of a carbon forming polymer (e.g., polyimide) blended with a polyvinylidene chloride copolymer (PVDC), the polyvinylidene chloride copolymer being the reaction product of at least 60% to 97% by weight of vinylidene chloride and at least one other comonomer and the carbon forming polymer to polyvinylidene chloride copolymer has a weight ratio of greater than 1 to 99. The membrane precursor composition may be formed by dissolving the carbon forming polymer and PVDC in a solvent to form a dope solution. The dope solution may be shaped, for example, into an asymmetric hollow fiber. The asymmetric hollow fiber may be heated to a temperature to dehydrochorinate the PVDC and then subsequently heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to carbonize the polymers of the shaped membrane to form the CMS membrane.

Hollow fiber membranes in an oxygenator for an extracorporeal blood circulator are coated with an antithrombotic polymeric material. The porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange have outer surfaces, inner surfaces forming lumens, opening portions through which the outer surfaces communicate with the inner surfaces in a housing. A blood flow path is outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the housing, between a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port. The coating is obtained by filling the blood flow path with a colloidal solution containing an antithrombotic polymeric compound, and moving the colloid solution between the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port for a time that coats a predetermined amount of antithrombotic polymeric compound on the outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes. Other surfaces within the oxygenator contacting the blood flow likewise receive the coating.

Hollow fiber membranes in an oxygenator for an extracorporeal blood circulator are coated with an antithrombotic polymeric material. The porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange have outer surfaces, inner surfaces forming lumens, opening portions through which the outer surfaces communicate with the inner surfaces in a housing. A blood flow path is outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the housing, between a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port. The coating is obtained by filling the blood flow path with a colloidal solution containing an antithrombotic polymeric compound, and moving the colloid solution between the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port for a time that coats a predetermined amount of antithrombotic polymeric compound on the outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes. Other surfaces within the oxygenator contacting the blood flow likewise receive the coating.

A separation membrane module includes a case and a separation membrane built in the case, wherein the separation membrane module satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3): (1) the separation membrane contains a hydrophobic polymer, a hydrophilic polymer, and a biocompatible copolymer, the hydrophilic polymer containing a hydrophilic polymer having mobility, (2) the separation membrane contains the hydrophilic polymer having mobility in a range of 1.0 to 1.7% by mass, and (3) a water content per self-weight of the separation membrane is in a range of 0 to 10% by mass. The separation membrane module is provided in which fouling of a membrane is suppressed and the amount of eluted substance is small.