A gas sensor comprises a gas separation membrane comprising substituted polyacetylene where a substituent group is combined to a double-bonded carbon atom in the backbone chain of the substituted polyacetylene and a sensing element configured to detect gas permeated through the gas separation membrane.

A multi-layer membrane which has a mixed polyamide selective layer supported on a porous polysulfone layer. The mixed polyamide selective layer includes reacted units of a polyfunctional acyl halide (e.g. trimesoyl chloride) and a diamine mixture containing 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine and a cyclic diamine (e.g. piperazine). Methods of fabricating the multi-layer membrane via techniques such as phase inversion and interfacial polymerization are described. The inventive membrane is evaluated on its water flux and salt rejection (e.g. sulfate and chloride salts) capabilities. A water desalination system containing the multi-layer membrane(s) is also provided.

A filtration device containing a porous polyparaxylylene (PPX) filtration article is provided. The PPX filtration article includes at least one PPX polymer membrane layer and one or more substrate. Optionally, the PPX filtration article may include one or more support layer(s). The PPX polymer membrane has a pore size from about 1 nm to about 100 nm. The filtration article has a PVA_20 less than about 0.6 cm.sup.3/m.sup.2 and/or a mass/area (MPA) less than about 30 g/m.sup.2. The PPX filtration article separates and retains nanoparticles from a feed fluid with high permeability. In use, the PPX filtration article filters nanoparticles from a feed flow by passing the feed fluid through at least one PPX polymer membrane within the filtration article where the nanoparticles are separated and removed from the feed fluid. The PPX polymer membranes may be resistant to chemical attack, gamma radiation, and are thermally stable, biocompatible, and strong.

In an aspect, provided herein is an improved thin-film composite membrane and gas-separation processes using the composite membrane. The composite membrane incorporates a gutter layer from a polymer material selected from a substituted polyacetylene, an addition-polymerized and substituted polynorbornene, or an addition-polymerized and substituted polytricyclononene. The gutter layer provides improved adhesion with a gas-separation layer incorporating a fluorinated ionomer.

In an aspect, provided herein is an improved thin-film composite membrane and gas-separation processes using the composite membrane. The composite membrane incorporates a gutter layer from a polymer material selected from a substituted polyacetylene, an addition-polymerized and substituted polynorbornene, or an addition-polymerized and substituted polytricyclononene. The gutter layer provides improved adhesion with a gas-separation layer incorporating a fluorinated ionomer.

A multi-layer membrane which has a mixed polyamide selective layer supported on a porous polysulfone layer. The mixed polyamide selective layer includes reacted units of a polyfunctional acyl halide (e.g. trimesoyl chloride) and a diamine mixture containing 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine and a cyclic diamine (e.g. piperazine). Methods of fabricating the multi-layer membrane via techniques such as phase inversion and interfacial polymerization are described. The inventive membrane is evaluated on its water flux and salt rejection (e.g. sulfate and chloride salts) capabilities. A water desalination system containing the multi-layer membrane(s) is also provided.

A membrane-forming dope for non-solvent induced phase separation methods, the membrane-forming dope comprising 15 to 40 wt. % of polysulfone-based resin, 5 to 60 wt. % of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 0.1 to 10 wt. % of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, all of which are dissolved in a water-soluble organic solvent solution. A porous hollow fiber membrane is produced by spinning the membrane-forming dope by a non-solvent induced phase separation method using an aqueous liquid as a core liquid. The obtained high-performance porous hollow fiber membrane can be used as a water vapor permeable membrane used in fuel cells, because its water vapor permeability is not significantly reduced even after use in a high temperature environment such as, for example, 100 to 120? C.

The present disclosure relates to improved semipermeable membranes based on acrylonitrile copolymers for use in dialyzers for the extracorporeal treatment of blood in conjunction with hemodialysis, hemofiltration or hemodiafiltration. The present disclosure further relates to methods of producing such membranes.

Nanofibres are provided that are insoluble and swellable in an essentially aqueous effluent, a method for the preparation of these nanofibres and the use of these nanofibres for the extraction from an effluent of metals, in particular metal salts originating from heavy metals, of rare earths, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or actinides, in the stable or unstable isotopic forms thereof.

An article that can be used for biomaterial capture comprises (a) a porous substrate; and (b) borne on the porous substrate, a polymer comprising interpolymerized units of at least one monomer consisting of (1) at least one monovalent ethylenically unsaturated group, (2) at least one monovalent ligand functional group selected from acidic groups, basic groups other than guanidino, and salts thereof, and (3) a multivalent spacer group that is directly bonded to the monovalent groups so as to link at least one ethylenically unsaturated group and at least one ligand functional group by a chain of at least six catenated atoms.