Modular, stackable filter units are described. The units may contain particles of glass or other filtration material and may be used to cleanse debris-laden water of, for example, swimming pools or spas. They additionally may replace conventional pleated mesh filters and beds of sand if necessary or desired.

A filtering element for filtering devices, comprising a filtering material (5) which defines a filtering space and is intended for the filtration of fluids, and at least one water indicator (13, 19, 23) which is provided at a location coming into contact with fluid during the filtration mode and indicates the presence of water in the fluid in a visually recognizable manner, is characterized in that the at least one water indicator (13, 19, 23) is provided on an end cap (7, 9) for mounting at one end of the filtering material (5), and/or is at least partially part of the end cap (7, 9), and/or is provided on a fluid-permeable supporting structure (21) surrounding the filtering material (5), and/or is at least partially part of the supporting structure (21).

An in tank depth media fuel filter assembly includes a closed body having an interior and an exterior. The closed body has a first composite panel of filtration media and a second composite panel of filtration media. Each of the composite panels includes and outer support layer and at least three inner layers of filtration material including at least two spunbonded layers of synthetic filaments and at least one layer of wetlaid synthetic fibers. An opening is provided in the body for providing fluid communication with the interior thereof.

A polymer melt candle filter having a support which comprises a hollow cylindrical body defined by a first end, a second end, and a cylinder wall having a first end portion and a second end portion. The first end portion includes a screw thread on its outside surface and optionally a hex fitting on its inside surface for receiving a hex wrench. The second end portion includes a plurality of holes in the cylinder wall. The area of the openings of the holes on the outside surface of the cylinder wall may be larger than the area of the openings of the corresponding holes on the inside surface of the cylinder wall. The shape of the openings of the holes on the outside surface may be non-circular. A polymer melt filter plate assembly which comprises (a) a support plate comprising a plurality of threaded holes; (b) at least one filter which is screwed into at least one of the threaded holes via the screw thread on the outside surface of the first end portion of the filter support; (c) a tie rod with (i) a first end extending through a hole in a cone insert and a cap located at the second end of the filter support, and (ii) a second end extending through a threaded hole in the support plate; and (d) a cross bar which is attached to the second end of the tie rod for holding the support plate inside a shaft of an apparatus for filtering a polymer melt.

A method of manufacturing a base pipe for use in horizontal well completion, the method includes wrapping an inner shroud around a base pipe, the inner shroud is disconnected from the base pipe and forms seams along each edge of the inner shroud; fusing the seams together; allowing the inner shroud to cool, the inner shroud shrinks around the base pipe to form a friction lock between the base pipe and the inner shroud; laying a filter medium onto an outer shroud, wherein the filter medium is disconnected from the outer shroud, thereby creating a mesh filter medium/outer shroud sheet; wrapping filter medium/outer shroud sheet around the inner shroud, the filter medium is positioned between the inner shroud and outer shroud, thereby creating a second set of seams; and fusing the second set of seams together, thereby creating a second friction lock between the outer shroud and the inner shroud.

A polymer melt candle filter having a support which comprises a hollow cylindrical body defined by a first end, a second end, and a cylinder wall having a first end portion and a second end portion. The first end portion includes a screw thread on its outside surface and optionally a hex fitting on its inside surface for receiving a hex wrench. The second end portion includes a plurality of holes in the cylinder wall. The area of the openings of the holes on the outside surface of the cylinder wall may be larger than the area of the openings of the corresponding holes on the inside surface of the cylinder wall. The shape of the openings of the holes on the outside surface may be non-circular. A polymer melt filter plate assembly which comprises (a) a support plate comprising a plurality of threaded holes; (b) at least one filter which is screwed into at least one of the threaded holes via the screw thread on the outside surface of the first end portion of the filter support; (c) a tie rod with (i) a first end extending through a hole in a cone insert and a cap located at the second end of the filter support, and (ii) a second end extending through a threaded hole in the support plate; and (d) a cross bar which is attached to the second end of the tie rod for holding the support plate inside a shaft of an apparatus for filtering a polymer melt.

A ground water flow device 1 has a support element 3 and a filter sheet 5. The filter sheet 5 has a first side 7 and a second side 9. Tubes 13 are provided with flow apertures 11 which are large enough to allow the passage of water and soil particles. The tubes 13 each have an inner space 17. The tubes 13 each hold one of the filter sheets 5 in their inner space 17. A first part of the flow apertures 11 is facing the first side 7 of the filter sheets 5 and a second part of the flow apertures 11 is facing the second side 9 of the filter sheets 5, defining in each tube 13 a flow path 19 for ground water from the first part of the flow apertures 11 through the filter sheet 5 to the second part of the flow apertures 11.

A filter membrane for selectively separating a specific material from other materials in a processing medium includes a membrane including resin material and having openings formed such that the openings selectively separate a specific material from other materials in a processing medium. The membrane has a first surface and a second surface on the opposite side with respect to the first surface such that the first surface receives the processing medium supplied to the membrane, the openings are formed through the membrane such that each of the openings has an opening part extending from the second surface toward the first surface and an expansion part expanding a size of the opening part and extending from the opening part to the first surface, and the first surface of the membrane is divided into multiple regions.

A system for filtering water in a spa that provides safety and greater filtration. The system may include a filter secured to a core. The core may include first and second cages with a plurality of openings allowing water to freely pass through the filter and core while preventing larger objects from passing through. The first cage may provide an orientation feature to position the filter in one direction. The second cage may hold mineral cartridges. The core may be secured to a fitting that is secured to the suction line of a spa via a ratchet like engagement feature. The fitting and core prevent back out of the core unless manually overriding the arm on the core which engages fins on the fitting. The filter may be removed and replaced while the core remains in place providing safety to the user. A cap secures the whole assembly into place.

A polymer melt candle filter having a support which comprises a hollow cylindrical body defined by a first end, a second end, and a cylinder wall having a first end portion and a second end portion. The first end portion includes a screw thread on its outside surface and optionally a hex fitting on its inside surface for receiving a hex wrench. The second end portion includes a plurality of holes in the cylinder wall. The area of the openings of the holes on the outside surface of the cylinder wall may be larger than the area of the openings of the corresponding holes on the inside surface of the cylinder wall. The shape of the openings of the holes on the outside surface may be non-circular. A polymer melt filter plate assembly which comprises (a) a support plate comprising a plurality of threaded holes; (b) at least one filter which is screwed into at least one of the threaded holes via the screw thread on the outside surface of the first end portion of the filter support; (c) a tie rod with (i) a first end extending through a hole in a cone insert and a cap located at the second end of the filter support, and (ii) a second end extending through a threaded hole in the support plate; and (d) a cross bar which is attached to the second end of the tie rod for holding the support plate inside a shaft of an apparatus for filtering a polymer melt.