The invention relates to a mixed salt composition which is useful as a CO.sub.2 sorbent. The mixed salt composition comprises a Mg salt, and at least one Group IA element salt, where the Mg and Group IA element are present at a molar ratio of from 3:1 to 8:1. The resulting composition can adsorb about 20% or more of CO2 in a gas. Via varying the molar ratios of the components, and the Group IA element, one can develop compositions which show optional functionality at different conditions. The composition is especially useful in the adsorptive capture of CO.sub.2 on mobile sources, such as transportation vehicles, where it can be recovered during regeneration of the adsorbent composition and the CO.sub.2 used as a coolant gas, as a reactant in manufacture of fuel, and so forth.

In one aspect, the invention provides a method for the capture of at least one acid gas in a composition, the release of said gas from said composition, and the subsequent regeneration of said composition for re-use, said method comprising performing, in order, the steps of: (a) capturing the at least one acid gas by contacting said at least one gas with a capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent; (b) releasing said at least one acid gas by adding at least one protic solvent or agent to said composition; and (c) regenerating the capture composition by partial or complete removal of said added protic solvent or agent from said composition. Optionally, said capture composition comprising at least one salt of a carboxylic acid and at least one water-miscible non-aqueous solvent additionally comprises water or another protic solvent. In another aspect, the invention envisages a composition which additionally comprises at least one protic solvent or agent and release of the at least one acid gas is achieved solely by subjecting the composition to the application of heat or stripping with a stream of air. The method is typically applied to the capture and subsequent release of carbon dioxide, and offers a convenient and simple process which uses inexpensive consumables and offers significant advantages over the methods of the prior art.

The present disclosure describes a contactor device which may include a housing including a tank and a lid, wherein there is a seal between the tank and the lid, at least one liquid inlet, at least one gas inlet, a bed of a contact medium contained within the tank and positioned over a barrier having a plurality of through holes, at least one liquid outlet, at least one gas outlet, and a guide plate positioned to prevent the liquid from reaching the gas outlet. Methods of operating a contactor device are also described and may include methods of capturing and converting carbon dioxide to commercially useful materials.

Methods, systems, and apparatus include using an alkali metal as working fluid of a diffusion pump to remove hydrogen and/or helium from a reaction chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. One example system includes a nuclear fusion reactor, a diffusion pump with a working fluid comprising an alkali metal, the diffusion pump being arranged to remove hydrogen and/or helium from the nuclear fusion reactor during operation of the system.

The present invention relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products with the assistance of an alternate phase.

Methods of using sorbents to enhance the production of hydrogen from fuel, and related systems, are generally described. In some embodiments, the production of hydrogen from the fuel involves a reforming reaction and/or a gasification reaction combined with a water-gas shift reaction.

An aircraft structure for removal of impurities from the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide, comprises a fuselage, one or more wings extending from the fuselage, and an impurity removal device attached to the fuselage. The impurity removal device includes a reacting material configured to chemically react with the impurities within a compartment configured to enable air to pass through the compartment and to substantially prevent the reacting material from exiting the compartment. A method of removing the impurities from the atmosphere with the aircraft structure is also disclosed.

Provided herein phosphorous-boron bonded compounds which are configured for capturing CO.sub.2 with high affinity and tunability to specific CO.sub.2 capture needs and related products, compositions, methods and systems for capturing storing and/or utilizing carbon dioxide.

Injecting CO2 that is diluted within water, into a coal seam, which allows for the sequestering and control of downhole CO2 within connected fractures without damaging the subterranean formation.

The removal of acid gases (e.g., non-carbon dioxide acid gases) using sorbents that include salts in molten form, and related systems and methods, are generally described.