A system and method for the reduction of NOx and CO contaminants using an ion-exchange resin media having lower-valency ions of the transitional metal elements, such as ferrous ions, cuprous ions and/or manganese ions, such that gases containing NOx and/or CO contaminants may be passed over the media so that the contaminants are absorbed by the lower-valency ions of the transitional metal elements, the media configured so that it can be regenerated to remove the NOx and/or CO contaminants. Regeneration includes exposing the media to a heated stream of hydrogen gas or exposing the media to hydrogen ions in an electrochemical cell.

A method for separating N.sub.2 from a hydrocarbon gas mixture containing N.sub.2 comprising the steps of: i) providing a bed of adsorbent selective for N.sub.2; (ii) passing the hydrocarbon gas mixture through the bed of adsorbent to at least partially remove N.sub.2 from the gas mixture to produce: (a) N.sub.2-loaded adsorbent and (b) N.sub.2-depleted hydrocarbon gas mixture; iii) recovering the N.sub.2-depleted hydrocarbon gas mixture; iv) regenerating the N.sub.2-loaded adsorbent by at least partially removing N.sub.2 from the adsorbent; and v) sequentially repeating steps (ii) and (iii) using regenerated adsorbent from step (iv); wherein the adsorbent comprises a pyrolized sulfonated macroporous ion exchange resin.

A system for collecting a sorbate gas from a sorbent is disclosed, including a regeneration vessel enclosing a sorbent having a sorbate gas, a liquid water supply heated to a first temperature, and a heat pump with a condenser. The heat pump is also in contact with the water supply. Heat is removed from the condenser and used to heat the water supply to the first temperature. The system includes a compressor coupled to the condenser. The sorbent within the vessel is placed in contact with water vapor at the first temperature. The water vapor coming into contact with the sorbent causes sorbate gas to be released, forming a mixture including sorbate and water gases, raising the pressure. The vapor mixture is removed and cooled by the condenser, where a portion is condensed into water that is returned to the supply. The remaining mixture is compressed into a product gas.

A process for the production of at least one of amorphous carbon or graphite, preferably of carbon black, from atmospheric air, biogas or flue gas CO2 is given, including at least the following steps:

a) isolation of concentrated CO2 of a concentration of at least 50% v/v from atmospheric air, green house air or flue gas preferably by means of a cyclic adsorption/desorption process on amine-functionalized adsorbents;
b) conversion of said captured CO2 into a gaseous or liquid saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon by hydrogenation:
c) cracking of said saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon to at least one of amorphous carbon or graphite, preferably carbon black,
wherein the H2 resulting from step c) is at least partially used in the hydrogenation of step b).

An energy efficient and durable thermal swing type carbon dioxide recovery and concentration device can be made smaller and use low-temperature heat waste of 100 C. or less. A honeycomb rotor carries adsorption particles having a sorption capacity for carbon dioxide. The rotor is rotated in a sealed casing divided into at least an sorption zone and a desorption zone and is brought into contact with material gas that contains carbon dioxide in a state wherein the honeycombs in the sorption zone are moist so as to adsorb the carbon dioxide while carrying out evaporative cooling of water. Then, the honeycombs that have adsorbed the carbon dioxide are moved to the desorption zone and brought into contact with low pressure vapor so as to desorb high concentration carbon dioxide. Thus, it is possible to continuously recover carbon dioxide at a high recovery rate and high concentration.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of selectively catalytically reducing dinitrogen oxide present in a gaseous sample, comprising: providing a catalyst capable of reducing dinitrogen oxide; bringing the gaseous sample into contact with the catalyst to reduce dinitrogen oxide in the gaseous sample in the presence of the catalyst; wherein as a result of the reduction step, the gaseous sample is adapted for determination of the amount of an isotopic form of CO.sub.2 in the gaseous sample.

A process for processing plastic waste comprising converting plastic waste to hydrocarbon liquid and a first C.sub.1-4 gas; contacting hydrocarbon liquid with a first hydroprocessing catalyst in hydroprocessing unit to yield a second C.sub.1-4 gas and a first hydrocarbon product comprising C.sub.5+ liquid hydrocarbons; introducing the first hydrocarbon product to a first separating unit to produce treated hydrocarbon stream comprising C.sub.5-8 hydrocarbons and a first heavies stream comprising C9+ hydrocarbons; contacting the first heavies stream with a second hydroprocessing catalyst in hydrodealkylating unit to yield a second hydrocarbon product comprising C.sub.5+ liquid hydrocarbons and a third C.sub.1-4 gas; conveying the second hydrocarbon product to the first separating unit; feeding treated hydrocarbon stream to steam cracker to produce steam cracker product; separating steam cracker product into olefin gas, saturated hydrocarbons gas, aromatics, and a second heavies stream; and conveying the second heavies stream to hydroprocessing unit.

An apparatus (10, 110, 210, 310) for the separation and recovery of CO.sub.2, from air, by a cyclic adsorption/desorption process using a loose particulate sorbent for gas adsorption. The apparatus has a plurality of adjacent, parallel, spaced-apart layers (24, 124, 224, 324), each having a stiff frame supporting a flexible, gas-permeable fabric enclosure for the sorbent. The gas inlet (14, 114, 214, 314) and outlet (18,1 18, 216, 316) of the apparatus are on its axially opposite sides, and each layer (24,124, 224, 324) extending axially within the apparatus. The recovered CO.sub.2 can be either supplied to an enclosed space, recycled to an enclosed space, from which the CO.sub.2 had been separated, or vented to the exterior of the latter enclosed space.

A multilayer filter material for an interior air filter element of an air conditioning system of a vehicle may include an ion exchange layer including ion exchange particles and a plurality of further layers. The ion exchange layer may directly adjoin at least one of the plurality of further layers. The plurality of further layers may include an active layer including non-impregnated active carbon particles, and an impregnation layer including impregnated active carbon particles. The active layer may be arranged between the ion exchange layer and the impregnation layer. The ion exchange layer may be hygroscopic and may contain ions which form a toxic environment with water. The impregnation layer may include a component of active carbon particles impregnated with potassium iodide and a component of active carbon particles impregnated with potassium carbonate. The component impregnated with potassium iodide may be greater than the component impregnated with potassium carbonate.

To provide a filter medium that has small repulsion in pleating processing, has excellent air and water permeation resistance and filter performance, and has low pressure loss even when an adsorbent loading amount of the filter medium to be subjected to pleating processing is large, and to provide a filter element provided with the filter medium, and a method for manufacturing the filter medium. The filter medium includes an adsorptive layer interposed between air permeable substrates. At least one of the air permeable substrates has a folding streak on the inner face side thereof.