An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification system which exhibits high exhaust gas purification performance. The present invention provides an exhaust gas purification system including: a carrier containing aluminum oxide; an exhaust gas purification device including a catalyst provided on the carrier and containing gallium, and connected to an internal combustion engine; and a system connected to the exhaust gas purification device for increasing an oxygen concentration. The system for increasing an oxygen concentration provides an oxygen concentration higher than that of a post combusted gas of the internal combustion engine.

Disclosed herein is a photocatalytic oxidation device that includes a frame and a pair of opposing photocatalytic cell panels. An ultraviolet lamp is disposed within an interior chamber and, when activated, causes the generation of oxidizers at the cell panels. Air is passable through apertures of the cell panels and thus may be moved through the device. The device is structurally configured and dimensionally optimized to provide effective photocatalytic activity without overly restricting airflow.

The invention relates to composite compositions including a carbonaceous material and a photocatalyst. The invention includes compositions and various methods, including methods for removing one or more contaminants from a substance such as air, soil, and water.

A catalytic composition is disclosed, which exhibits an X-ray amorphous oxide with a spinel formula, and crystals of ZnO, CuO, and at least one Group VIB metal oxide, and preferably, at least one acidic oxide of B, P, or Si, as well. The composition is useful in oxidative processes for removing sulfur from gaseous hydrocarbons.

Described is a selective catalytic reduction catalyst comprising a zeolitic framework material of silicon and aluminum atoms, wherein a fraction of the silicon atoms are isomorphously substituted with a tetravalent metal. The catalyst can include a promoter metal such that the catalyst effectively promotes the reaction of ammonia with nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen and H.sub.2O selectively over a temperature range of 150 to 650 C. In another aspect, described is a selective catalytic reduction composite comprising an SCR catalyst material and an ammonia storage material comprising a transition metal having an oxidation state of IV. The SCR catalyst material promotes the reaction of ammonia with nitrogen oxides to form nitrogen and H.sub.2O selectively over a temperature range of 150 C. to 600 C., and the SCR catalyst material is effective to store ammonia at temperatures of 400 C. and above. A method for selectively reducing nitrogen oxides, and a method for simultaneously selectively reducing nitrogen oxide and storing ammonia are also described. Additionally, an exhaust gas treatment system is also described.

Described is a selective catalytic reduction material comprising a spherical particle including an agglomeration of crystals of a molecular sieve. The catalyst is a crystalline material that is effective to catalyze the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in the presence of a reductant at temperatures between 200 C. and 600 C. A method for selectively reducing nitrogen oxides and an exhaust gas treatment system are also described.

The moisture-resistant catalyst for air pollution remediation is a catalyst with moisture-resistant properties, and which is used for removing nitrogen compound pollutants, such as ammonia (NH.sub.3), from air. The moisture-resistant catalyst for air pollution remediation includes at least one metal oxide catalyst, at least one inorganic oxide support for supporting the at least one metal oxide catalyst, and a porous framework for immobilizing the at least one metal oxide catalyst and the at least one inorganic oxide support, where the porous framework is moisture-resistant. As non-limiting examples, the at least one metal oxide catalyst may be supported on the at least one inorganic oxide support by precipitation, impregnation, dry milling, ion-exchange or combinations thereof. The at least one metal oxide catalyst supported on the at least one inorganic oxide support may be physically embedded in the porous framework.

A diamond polycrystal is a diamond polycrystal basically composed of a diamond single phase, wherein the diamond polycrystal is composed of a plurality of diamond grains having an average grain size of less than or equal to 30 nm, and the diamond polycrystal has a carbon dangling bond density of more than or equal to 10 ppm.

A fuel tank inerting system is disclosed. The system includes a fuel tank and a catalytic reactor with an inlet, an outlet, a reactive flow path between the inlet and the outlet, and a catalyst on the reactive flow path. The catalytic reactor is arranged to receive fuel from a fuel flow path in operative communication with the fuel tank and oxygen from an oxygen source, and to catalytically react a mixture of the fuel and oxygen along the reactive flow path to generate an inert gas. An inert gas flow path provides inert gas from the catalytic reactor to the fuel tank. An adsorbent is disposed along the fuel flow path or along the reactive flow path.

Provided is a nitrogen oxide (NO.sub.X) reduction catalyst including an active site including at least one of a metal vanadate expressed by [Chemical Formula 1] and a metal vanadate expressed by [Chemical Formula 2], and a support for loading the active site thereon.

(M.sub.1).sub.XV.sub.2O.sub.X+5[Chemical Formula 1] (where M.sub.1 denotes one selected from among manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), and X denotes a real number having a value between 1 and 3.)

(M.sub.2).sub.YVO.sub.4[Chemical Formula 2] (where M.sub.2 denotes one selected from among lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu), and Y denotes a real number having a value between 0.5 and 1.5.)