Methods of producing a treated gas by removing nitrogenous compounds are disclosed. Methods of recovering nitrogenous compounds from a gas stream are disclosed. Methods of producing a fertilizer product from organic waste are disclosed. The methods may include introducing a gas stream having nitrogenous compounds into a nitrogenous liquid containing a salt of ammonia to absorb the nitrogenous compounds in the liquid and produce a treated gas. The methods may also include controlling the pH of certain solutions or introducing an oxidant into certain solutions to produce nitrogen ions. Systems for removing nitrogenous compounds including a reaction subsystem, an oxidation control subsystem, a dissolved solids concentrator, and a recirculation line are also disclosed. The systems may be employed to remove nitrogenous compounds from a gas stream, recover the nitrogenous compounds from the gas stream, or produce a fertilizer product from the recovered nitrogenous compounds.

Provided is a microorganism including a gene encoding a protein having a dehalogenase activity, a composition for using in reducing a concentration of fluorinated methane in a sample, the composition including the microorganism including the gene encoding the protein having the dehalogenase activity, and a method of reducing the concentration of fluorinated methane in the sample.

Intensification techniques are described for enhancing biocatalytic CO.sub.2 absorption operations, and may include the use of a rotating packed bed, a rotating disc reactor, a zig-zag reactor or other reactors that utilize process intensification. Carbonic anhydrase can be deployed in the high intensity reactor free in solution, immobilized with respect to particles that flow with the liquid, and/or immobilized to internals, such as packing, that are fixed within the high intensity reactor.

The present disclosure discloses a method for capturing and removing carbon oxide using photo-cultivation, the method including a carbonic anhydrase providing step in which carbonic anhydrase is provided to culture medium as a reaction catalyst; a carbon dioxide supplying step in which a processing object gas containing carbon dioxide is supplied to the carbonic anhydrase and the culture medium; a carbon dioxide converting step in which the carbon dioxide comes into contact with the carbonic anhydrase and the culture medium to convert the carbon dioxide into inorganic carbonic acid; and a carbon oxide consuming step in which the inorganic carbonic acid is employed and consumed in photosynthesis of microalgae contained in the culture medium.

Provided are recombinant microorganisms having a foreign gene encoding a variant of a nitrous oxide reductase protein, a composition comprising the recombinant microorganism or the variant of a nitrous oxide reductase protein for use in removing nitrous oxide in a sample, a variant of a nitrous oxide reductase protein, and a polynucleotide encoding the variant.

The present invention provides an industrial volatile organic compounds (VOC) processing system that includes a first phase processing structure, a second phase processing structure, a sensor detection device and a computer. The first phase processing structure includes a spraying chamber having an array of sprinklers for circularly spraying lytic enzyme solution to the VOC. The second processing structure includes a biodegradation chamber wherein microbial nutrient solution is circularly used for nourishing microbes that gnaw the VOC particles. The sensor detection device includes two detectors, one placed in the inlet side, and the other one placed in the outlet side of the system, detecting the content of the organic gas and sending the data to the computer. The computer calculates and compares in a real time the ratio of the contents of the organic gas in the inlet side and the outlet side. The system according to the present invention effectively eliminate VOC by first applying lytic enzyme solution to VOC and then letting certain microbes gnaw the VOC particles. In this invention, both the lytic enzyme solution and the microbial nutrient solution are circularly used.

The present invention provides a system for processing VOC passing through a pipe structure. The pipe structure includes one or more stackable sections for heating decomposition of VOC molecules in the exhaust that passes through the sections and a self-powered cap assembly coupled to the outlet end of the pipe structure. The cap assembly includes a wind turbine mechanically coupled to a generator that supplies electricity to an electronic assembly and to the electrothermal converter in each of the heat decomposition sections. The heat decomposition section includes a paraboloidal heating dish which is coaxially fixed in a cylindric structure with its opening end facing the cap assembly. The electrothermal converter is placed in the focus of the paraboloidal dish. The exhaust gas that passes through the heating decomposition section rotates the turbine that further drives the generator through a shaft. The electricity from the generator activates the electrothermal converter that converts electrical energy into heat energy. The paraboloidal dish reflects the heat from the converter forward into the internal space of cylindric structure. The VOC molecules are decomposed under the high temperature within the cylinder. The system also includes an electronic detecting device and a wireless interface that transmits the VOC data collected by the detecting device to a computer.

Sulfurihydrogenibium sp. carbonic anhydrase (SspCA) or mutants thereof catalyze a hydration reaction of CO.sub.2 into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions or a desorption reaction to produce a CO.sub.2 gas. Sulfurihydrogenibium sp. carbonic anhydrase (SspCA) having improved thermostability in the presence of carbonate ions as compared to in the absence of carbonate ions are useful in the capture of CO.sub.2 from a CO.sub.2-containing gas.

Methods for enzyme-enhanced CO.sub.2 capture include contacting a CO.sub.2-containing gas with an aqueous absorption solution at process conditionssuch as high temperature, high pH, and/or using carbonate-based solutionsin the presence of Thermovibrio ammonificans carbonic anhydrase (TACA) or functional derivative thereof for catalyzing the hydration reaction of CO.sub.2 into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions and/or catalyzing the desorption reaction to produce a CO.sub.2 gas. The TACA may be provided to flow with the solution to cycle through a CO.sub.2 capture system that includes an absorber and a stripper.

The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide conversion reactor and more particularly, to a carbon dioxide conversion reactor capable of converting carbon dioxide contained in flue gas into an aqueous bicarbonate solution that may be used in many applications; and at the same time, preventing back pressure from increasing due to supplied flue gas by allowing a conversion process to rapidly proceed, thereby significantly reducing the level of carbon dioxide contained in flue gas with high efficiency and high conversion speed, a series reactor for converting and capturing carbon dioxide including the carbon dioxide conversion reactor, and a process of converting and capturing carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide conversion reactor.