When the product gas producing operation is stopped, a stand-by operation is executed in which a product gas filling up a reforming processing unit is circulated, in a state in which an adsorbent of adsorption towers is maintained in a state in which adsorption target components are desorbed, and the heating of a reformer by a heating burner is maintained, and when the stand-by operation is stopped and the product gas producing operation is started, initial operation processing is executed in which immediately after the start, a source gas and steam are supplied to the reformer to produce a reformed gas, and the reformed gas from the reforming processing unit supplied to the adsorption towers to produce the product gas, and then the product gas producing operation in which the product gas is collected in a product gas tank is executed.

A system is provided for affecting temperature (cooling and/or heating) and/or the presence of an adsorbable species (e.g., water, through humification and/or dehumidification) in a gaseous environment. The system includes at least one heat and/or mass transfer device which can be in thermal contact with an adsorbent, such as a desiccant. The system can include multiple heat and/or mass transfer devices that cycle through modes, often different modes one from the other at a given time, and can include one more compressor(s)/evaporator(s) containing a refrigerant, an expansion device, control valves and/or other suitable equipment. The system can be used to condition a gaseous environment, such as by air conditioning, heating, dehumidification, humidification, or any of these alone or in combination. Gas flow-directing valve assemblies, and related methods, are also provided.

A pre-treatment device capable of removing moisture from an exhaust gas containing moisture, carbon dioxide, and an acid gas before treatment in a carbon dioxide collection device, includes: a dehumidification tower capable of removing moisture from the exhaust gas; and a blower capable of sending the exhaust gas into the dehumidification tower. The dehumidification tower includes a moisture adsorbent capable of adsorbing moisture, an acid gas adsorbent capable of adsorbing an acid gas, and a dehumidification container filled with the moisture adsorbent and the acid gas adsorbent. The dehumidification container includes a first port into which the exhaust gas from the blower is able to flow and a second port from which a gas having passed through the moisture adsorbent and the acid gas adsorbent is able to flow out as a pretreated gas.

A carbon dioxide recovery device includes: a plurality of modules which execute an adsorption process and a desorption process; and a fan provided in a smaller quantity than a quantity of the plurality of modules, and supplying a gas to inside of the plurality of modules, in which each of the plurality of modules includes a third valve, a fourth valve respectively at an inlet and an outlet of gas, and the fourth valve hash a valve aperture which varies according to an adsorption progression of carbon dioxide in the module to which the fourth valve is provided.

A method for capturing CO.sub.2 from a gas mixture by dissolution in water is disclosed. The method comprises injecting the gas mixture as bubbles into a volume of water, allowing CO.sub.2 enriched water to exit out of the volume, and performing a depressurizing process of the CO.sub.2 enriched water. A corresponding system is also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a system comprising a plurality of air purification circuits, a method of using the system for removing CO.sub.2 from air, a method of retrofitting the system into a submarine, and a submarine comprising the system. In a specific aspect, a system comprising a plurality of air purification circuits, the system comprising: a common pollutant outlet, a common clean air outlet; and a common foul air inlet; wherein each circuit comprises an absorption/desorption tank comprising a solid or porous absorption media, and wherein at least two of the air purification circuits comprise differing chemical species of solid or porous absorption media; wherein each circuit comprises one or more valves which allow fluid communication between the absorption/desorption tank and each one of the common foul air inlet, the common pollutant outlet, and the common clean air outlet to be either opened or closed; and wherein one or more circuit comprises an intermittent air line which is selectively configurable to either be closed or to redirect the fluid communication from the absorption/desorption tank, to instead recirculate into the absorption/desorption tank and/or into another absorption/desorption tank within the system.

The present invention relates to a system comprising a plurality of air purification circuits, an air purification circuit for a system for purification of air, a method of removing CO.sub.2 from air using the system of the present invention, a method of retrofitting the system or circuit of the present invention into a submarine, and a submarine comprising the system or circuit of the present invention. In a specific aspect, the system comprising a plurality of air purification circuits, the system comprising: a common pollutant outlet, a common clean air outlet; and a common inlet; wherein each air purification circuit comprises an absorption/desorption comprising a solid or porous absorption media, wherein each circuit comprises one or more valves which allow fluid communication between the absorption/desorption tank and each one of the common inlet, the common pollutant outlet, and the common clean air outlet to be either opened or closed.

A three-way valve includes a manifold, a valve body, and a switching mechanism. The manifold is provided with a flow path including first, second and third ports, first, second and third passages leading to the first, second and third ports, and a valve chamber that communicates with the first, second, and third passages. The valve body is accommodated in the valve chamber and is displaceable to a first position at which the first port and the third port communicate with each other or a second position at which the second port and the third port communicate with each other. The switching mechanism switches a position of the valve body to the first position or the second position. The manifold is configured by a plurality of manifold members that have a plate shape and are stacked in a plate thickness direction.

A carbon dioxide recovery apparatus includes an adsorbent that adsorbs carbon dioxide; a separation unit that separates the carbon dioxide adsorbed onto the adsorbent; a measurement unit that measures a parameter which contributes to an adsorption efficiency of carbon dioxide by the adsorbent in air; a first transport path through which the adsorbent is transported; a second transport path through which the adsorbent is transported; a switching unit that switches a state in which the adsorbent is transported through the first transport path, a state in which the adsorbent is transported through the second transport path, and a state in which the adsorbent is transported through both the first transport path and the second transport path; a controlling circuitry that controls the switching unit based on a measurement result of the measurement unit; and a recovery unit that is configured to recover the carbon dioxide separated by the separation unit.

A system includes an outlet flowline from an activated carbon bed, a bypass flowline, a furnace, and a control system. The outlet flowline is configured to flow an acid gas stream out of the activated carbon bed after the activated carbon bed has removed benzene, toluene, and xylene from the acid gas stream. The bypass flowline includes a bypass valve and provides an alternative flow path for the acid gas stream exiting the activated carbon bed. The furnace includes a burner configured to combust at least a portion of the acid gas stream. The control system includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor is configured to measure a furnace temperature. The controller is configured to reduce a percent opening of the bypass valve based on the measured furnace temperature.