A method suppresses membrane thickness variation and air resistance variation after a compression at 60° C. or 80° C. Stretching is performed at least twice in at least different axial directions before the extraction of the solvent, and at the same time, at least one of (i) and (ii) is satisfied. (i) The step (c) is a first stretching step of stretching the sheet-shaped product at least once in a sheet transport direction (MD direction) and at least once in a sheet width direction (TD direction) individually, and the MD stretching magnification and the TD stretching magnification in the step (c) satisfy (TD stretching magnification≥MD stretching magnification−2). (ii) The stretching temperature (T1) of a first axial stretching performed firstly in the step (c) and the maximal stretching temperature (T2) of a second stretching performed after the first axial stretching satisfy (T1−T2≥0).

This document describes systems and methods for treating and recovering water from feed solutions using a membrane module that has a plurality of hollow fiber membranes encapsulated in a collection chamber and an expansion chamber that is connected to the outlet of the membrane module.

A fluid filter and method for filtering fluid feed using the fluid filter is described. The fluid filter comprises an upper disk plate having a first compartment spaced apart and placed parallel to a lower disk plate having a second compartment. The feed fluid enters the first compartment in a first vortex pattern in a first direction at a first temperature, and a permeate fluid enters the second compartment in a second vortex pattern in a second direction opposite the first direction at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is lower than the first temperature. A hydrophobic, vapor permeable membrane positioned between the upper disk plate and the lower disk plate allows vapor to pass from the first compartment to the second compartment having the permeate fluid, thus filtering the feed fluid.

A device, system and method for the detection and screening of plastic microparticles in a sample is disclosed. A nanoporous silicon nitride membrane is used to entrap plastic microparticles contained in the sample. The sample may be a water sample, an air sample, or other liquid or gas sample. The entrapped plastic microparticles are then heated or otherwise processed on the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane. An imaging system observes the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane with tic entrapped plastic microparticles to determine the type and quantity of the various plastic microparticles that are entrapped on the membrane.

A method for controlling a membrane distillation system includes determining whether there is a day time or a night time at a location of a solar collector system associated with the membrane distillation system; applying a first control mode during the day time to a flow velocity of a feed used by the membrane distillation system; and applying a second control mode, different from the first control scheme, during the night time, to the feed. The first control scheme is a model-free mode.

A water purifier includes a filtering part including a reverse osmosis filter for filtering water and a discharge part for discharging, to the outside, purified water filtered in the filtering part. The filtering part further includes a pump provided in front of the reverse osmosis filter so as to supply the water to the reverse osmosis filter, and a supply valve that opens and closes so as to supply the water from a water supply source to the filtering part. The supply valve can be provided between the pump and the reverse osmosis filter.

The present invention relates to a thermo-responsive solution and in particular, a solution for use in an osmosis process that is suitable for separating or purifying solutes and or water from an aqueous solution on a large scale and under energy efficient conditions.

This application relates generally to the processing of egg protein isolates for use in various food, sports nutrition and nutraceutical applications, methods of making egg protein isolates, and apparatus for making egg protein isolates. More particularly, the application relates to a method of deflavoring egg products and concentrating the protein content to. The method can include providing liquid egg; deashing the liquid egg; concentrating the liquid egg; and desugaring the liquid egg, wherein deashing is accomplished at a pressure of less than 100 psi; and optionally the volume of water used is 0.5 to 7 diafiltration volumes.

For powering a vehicle, a high energy density fuel is preferred. However, for example when the high energy fuel is highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide, this fuel may be dangerous to handle; especially when the person handling the fuel is a normal consumer filling a fuel reservoir of his vehicle at a gas station. The present invention therefore provides a vehicle arranged to receive a diluted—and thus safer—fuel, and to density this fuel to a concentrated fuel in low quantities on board for direct use. To this end a fuel densifier is provided in the vehicle arranged for receiving liquid diluted fuel and arranged to provide a concentrated fuel based on the diluted fuel, the concentrated fuel having a higher energy density than the diluted fuel. A power conversion module of the vehicle is arranged to convert the concentrated fuel to kinetic energy for powering the vehicle.

A novel method of producing concentrated streams or otherwise useful hypersaline brines from a source of non-potable or otherwise impaired water is provided. The method comprises feeding the source water into the feed side of a membrane distillation unit while simultaneously feeding a distillate stream through the receiving side of the distillation unit. The feed and receiving sides are separated by a hydrophobic, microporous membrane that allows water vapor to flux through the membrane to the receiving side. As the membrane becomes clogged with particulates, the unit can be subjected to stream flow reversal and/or temperature gradient reversal in order to remove those particulates and restore previous vapor flux levels, after which previous operations can be resumed.