Various embodiments disclosed relate to methods of separating volatile compounds from a liquid feed mixture comprising an emulsion. In various embodiments, the method includes contacting a first side of a first membrane with a liquid feed mixture including an emulsion having a polymer, and at least one volatile compound. The method can also include contacting a second side of the first membrane with a sweep medium including at least one a sweep fluid to produce a permeate mixture on the second side of the first membrane and a retentate mixture on the first side of the first membrane, wherein the permeate mixture is enriched in the volatile compound, and the retentate mixture is depleted in the volatile compound.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to methods of separating volatile compounds from a liquid feed mixture comprising an emulsion. In various embodiments, the method includes contacting a first side of a first membrane with a liquid feed mixture including an emulsion having a polymer, and at least one volatile compound. The method can also include contacting a second side of the first membrane with a sweep medium including at least one a sweep fluid to produce a permeate mixture on the second side of the first membrane and a retentate mixture on the first side of the first membrane, wherein the permeate mixture is enriched in the volatile compound, and the retentate mixture is depleted in the volatile compound.

A distillation apparatus having a hot liquid block, a thermoelectric module (TEM), a condensation surface, a feed liquid chamber having a feed chamber inlet, a feed chamber outlet, and a membrane disposed on at least one side of the feed liquid chamber. One side of the membrane faces to the condensation surface. An air gap of 1 mm to 20 cm separates the condensation surface and the membrane. A permeate outlet in fluid communication with the air gap. A heating unit in fluid communication with the feed liquid chamber and the hot liquid block. A cooling unit in fluid communication with the permeate outlet. A multi-stage distillation apparatus with a plurality of distillation apparatuses. A process of distilling water, by feeding a liquid into the distillation apparatus through the hot block inlet and collecting distilled water from the permeate outlet.

A system for processing a feed includes a membrane system configured to receive the feed and produce a concentrate and a permeate, wherein the membrane system includes an active cooling system, a passive cooling system, or a combination thereof. Further, the system includes a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the membrane system and disposed upstream of the membrane system, such that the feed enters the heat exchanger prior to entering the membrane system, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to cool the feed and heat the concentrate by transferring heat from the feed to the concentrate.

Provided is an oligosilane production method with which a target oligosilane can be selectively produced. A reaction-produced mixture fluid which contains an oligosilane obtained by the dehydrogenative coupling of a hydrosilane is supplied to a membrane separator under specific conditions and/or brought into contact with an adsorbent under specific conditions.

A system for processing a feed includes a membrane system configured to receive the feed and produce a concentrate and a permeate, wherein the membrane system includes an active cooling system, a passive cooling system, or a combination thereof. Further, the system includes a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the membrane system and disposed upstream of the membrane system, such that the feed enters the heat exchanger prior to entering the membrane system, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to cool the feed and heat the concentrate by transferring heat from the feed to the concentrate.

The hybrid desalination system (10) includes a reverse osmosis filtration system (14), a forward osmosis filtration system (18), and a multi-effect distillation system (16). A condenser (12) receives seawater (S) and produces cooled seawater (CS). The cooled seawater (CS) is filtered by the reverse osmosis filtration system (14), which outputs a first brine reject stream (BR1) and a permeate stream (P). The multi-effect distillation system (16) outputs a second brine reject stream (BR2). A feed side (20) of the forward osmosis filtration system (18) receives the first brine reject stream (BR1), and the second brine reject stream (BR2) is received by the draw side (22), which outputs diluted brine (DB). The multi-effect distillation system (16) is in fluid communication with the forward osmosis filtration system (18) and recycles the diluted brine (DB). The multi-effect distillation system (16) outputs a return condensate (RC) and a pure water distillate (D).

The hybrid desalination system (10) includes a reverse osmosis filtration system (14), a forward osmosis filtration system (18), and a multi-effect distillation system (16). A condenser (12) receives seawater (S) and produces cooled seawater (CS). The cooled seawater (CS) is filtered by the reverse osmosis filtration system (14), which outputs a first brine reject stream (BR1) and a permeate stream (P). The multi-effect distillation system (16) outputs a second brine reject stream (BR2). A feed side (20) of the forward osmosis filtration system (18) receives the first brine reject stream (BR1), and the second brine reject stream (BR2) is received by the draw side (22), which outputs diluted brine (DB). The multi-effect distillation system (16) is in fluid communication with the forward osmosis filtration system (18) and recycles the diluted brine (DB). The multi-effect distillation system (16) outputs a return condensate (RC) and a pure water distillate (D).

Separation processes using engineered osmosis are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Enhanced efficiency may result from using low grade waste heat from industrial or commercial sources.

Separation processes using engineered osmosis are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Enhanced efficiency may result from using low grade waste heat from industrial or commercial sources.