A thermal management loop system may include an accumulator, an evaporator in fluid receiving communication with the accumulator, a condenser in fluid receiving communication with the evaporator, and a membrane separator in fluid receiving communication with the condenser. Gas exiting the membrane separator may recirculate back to the condenser and liquid exiting the membrane separator may flow to the accumulator. The thermal management loop system may be a dual-mode system and thus may be operable in a powered-pump mode or a passive-capillary mode.

This disclosure provides water processing apparatuses, systems, and methods for recovering purified water and concentrated brine from wastewater. The water processing apparatuses, systems, and methods utilize ionomer membrane technology to separate water vapor from volatiles of a wastewater stream. The wastewater stream is evaporated into a gas stream including water vapor and volatiles of the wastewater stream in an evaporation container. The gas stream is delivered to a water separation module spatially separated from and fluidly coupled to the evaporation container. The water vapor of the gas stream is separated out in the water separation module while the volatiles are rejected. The water vapor can be collected into purified water while concentrated brine from the wastewater stream is left behind in the evaporation container.

A method for treating produced water stream from a production well of an oil and gas field including a first step of ultrafiltration or microfiltration and a second step of removing the alkalinity in produced water.

A method for treating produced water stream from a production well of an oil and gas field including a first step of ultrafiltration or microfiltration and a second step of removing the alkalinity in produced water.

The invention relates to a method for recovery and purification of a neutral or sialylated human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) from a fermentation broth, comprising the steps of separating the fermentation broth to form a separated HMO-containing stream and a biomass waste stream, purifying the HMO-containing stream by ultrafiltration using an ultrafiltration membrane having a MWCO of 500 Da to 5 kDa, purifying the HMO-containing stream by nanofiltration, concentrating the purified HMO-containing stream, and drying the purified HMO-containing stream to obtain a solidified neutral or sialylated HMO. Moreover, the invention also concerns a neutral or sialylated human milk oligosaccharide obtained by the inventive method, as well as its use in food, feed, and medical application.

A process for desalinating water is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of passing a feed stream of saline solution 2 in a first desalination step through a reverse osmosis membrane desalination plant 3 comprising at least one reverse osmosis desalination unit 4 to form a first product water stream 5 having a reduced salt concentration relative to that of the feed stream of saline solution 2 and a first byproduct stream 6 having an increased salt concentration relative to that of the feed stream of saline solution 2 characterized in that the first byproduct stream 6 is passed in a second desalination step through a falling film crystallization unit 7 to form a second product water stream 8 having a reduced salt concentration relative to that of the first byproduct stream 6 and a second byproduct stream 9 having an increased salt concentration relative to that of the first byproduct stream 6. The invention further relates to an apparatus 1 for carrying out said process. The present invention further relates also to the use of the process or apparatus 1 for the reduction of the volume of the first byproduct stream 6 of a reverse osmosis membrane desalination plant 3, preferably an in-land desalination plant 3, or in a device or plant or process for producing desalinated water, for salt production, for co-production of power and desalinated water, or for air conditioning.

A thermal management loop system may include an accumulator, an evaporator in fluid receiving communication with the accumulator, a condenser in fluid receiving communication with the evaporator, and a membrane separator in fluid receiving communication with the condenser. Gas exiting the membrane separator may recirculate back to the condenser and liquid exiting the membrane separator may flow to the accumulator. The thermal management loop system may be a dual-mode system and thus may be operable in a powered-pump mode or a passive-capillary mode.

Embodiments of this invention provide an integrated system for clean energy generation and storage and RO desalination. The integrated system includes a first subsystem that stores hydraulic energy. The integrated system further includes a second subsystem that desalinates water. The integration system also includes a penstock that facilitates flow of the water between the first subsystem and the second subsystem. The integrated subsystem may also incorporate solar and/or wind power generation plants as a power source for the integrated system.

Embodiments of this invention provide an integrated system for clean energy generation and storage and RO desalination. The integrated system includes a first subsystem that stores hydraulic energy. The integrated system further includes a second subsystem that desalinates water. The integration system also includes a penstock that facilitates flow of the water between the first subsystem and the second subsystem. The integrated subsystem may also incorporate solar and/or wind power generation plants as a power source for the integrated system.

Embodiments of this invention provide an integrated system for processing ore feedstock and RO treatment utilizing the principals of pumped storage hydroelectric technology including the use of an upper reservoir and lower reservoir. The integrated system includes a first subsystem that generates waste associated with processing the ore feedstock. In the integrated system, the waste includes the treatment of contaminated water. The integrated system further includes a second subsystem that treats the contaminated water included in the waste to generate recycled water and transmits the recycled water to the first subsystem. The integrated subsystem may also incorporate solar and/or wind power generation plants as a power source for the integrated system.