A flue gas extraction system provides extraction, collection, cooling, enriching and distributing flue gas from a vent stack of a stationary flue gas generator to carbon dioxide consuming crops, orchards, and other photosynthetic organisms. The collected flue gas is processed through the system to achieve optimal temperature, pressure, flowrate, water content and carbon dioxide concentration for application to plants for increasing plant productivity and sequestering the carbon dioxide. The gas distribution network may have one or more membrane modules which receive a low pressure gas mixture, where the membrane modules are utilized to enrich the CO2 concentration and to separate out a nitrogen rich component from the flue gas. Application of carbon dioxide may be supplemented by providing additional components to the plants which maintain a level of fertilization and irrigation suitable for the increased biomass and water utilization efficiency of the plants resulting from the increased intake of carbon dioxide.

A hollow fiber membrane laminate that includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes wound to form a plurality of layers in a cylinder shape. The hollow fiber membranes are wound around a central axis while reciprocating a feeding point of the hollow fiber membranes along a central axis. Hollow fiber membranes adjacent to each other in each respective layer are separated by a predetermined separation distance. A speed differential z is reduced for successive layers approaching an outer side of the cylinder to maintain the predetermined separation distance. The speed differential z has a value obtained by dividing a pitch of the hollow fiber membranes within a respective layer by a traverse reciprocating distance.

An artificial lung device includes: a housing which is formed in a tubular shape including both end portions closed, includes a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port, and is arranged such that a center axis of the housing is directed in a lateral direction; a hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) which is arranged in the housing and performs gas exchange with respect to blood while the blood flows from the blood inflow port to the blood outflow port; and a straightening frame (gas guide portion) by which a gas having flowed through the gas exchanger by the flow of the blood is guided to the gas exchanger again in the housing.

The present invention relates to a membrane humidifier for a fuel cell capable of simplifying a fuel cell system and miniaturizing the fuel cell system by performing humidification by moisture exchange and cooling by heat exchange in one membrane humidifier, and a fuel cell system comprising same. The membrane humidifier for a fuel cell of the present invention comprises both a humidification module and a heat exchange module in a housing part, and distributes a first fluid to the humidification module and the heat exchange module at a variable distribution ratio.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are destroyed by oxidation in supercritical conditions. PFAS in water is concentrated in a reverse osmosis step and salt from the resulting solution is removed in supercritical conditions prior to destruction of PFAS in supercritical conditions.

A device for exchange of water molecule and temperature between two fluids. The device comprises thin molecular sieve membrane sheets that allow water molecules to permeate through while blocking cross-over of the exchanging fluids. The device provides two sets of flow channels having a hydraulic diameter ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 mm for respective process and sweep fluid flows. The two sets of the channels are separated by a membrane sheet having a thickness less than 200 μm. The thin molecule sieve membrane may be prepared by forming an ultra-thin zeolite membrane layer on a porous metal-based support sheet which provides very high water permeance so that the exchange can be conducted in a compact membrane module at high throughput. The device can be used to remove water from a process stream of higher water content by use of a sweep fluid of lower water content or higher water affinity. For example, the device can be used to condition outdoor fresh air close to the temperature and humidity of indoor air by conducting humidity and heat exchange between the fresh air flow drawn from outdoors and waste air discharged indoors.

An oxygenator apparatus for use in an extracorporeal circuit. The apparatus includes a housing and a membrane assembly disposed within the housing. The membrane assembly includes a first plurality of gas exchange elements disposed in a first zone and a second plurality of gas exchange elements disposed in a second zone. The second zone is arranged concentrically around the first zone. The first and second plurality of gas exchange elements are fluidly open along a body and fluidly separated along a distal end. The first zone is configured to be fluidly coupled to an oxygen source and the second zone is configured to be fluidly coupled to a negative pressure source. A blood flow path includes a generally radial flow through the first zone to add oxygen to the blood and the second zone to separate gaseous micro emboli from the blood through the plurality of gas exchange elements.

A membrane distillation module includes a housing having a hot inlet for receiving a hot feed and a hot outlet for expelling the hot feed; a porous membrane located inside the housing and having an outside surface that defines an enclosure, the outside surface being configured to contact the hot feed, wherein the porous membrane is configured to prevent the hot feed from passing from outside the porous membrane to an inside of the enclosure; and a non-porous conduit located inside the enclosure, the non-porous conduit having an inlet for receiving a cold feed and an outlet for expelling the cold feed.

A technology that provides various modular biomimetic microfluidic modules emulating varieties of microvasculature in body. These microfluidic-base capillaries and lymphatic Technology modules are constructed as multilayered-microfluidic microchannels of various shapes, and aspect ratios using diverse biocompatible microfluidic polymers. Then, various semipermeable membranes are sandwiched in between these multilayered microfluidic microchannels. These membranes have different chemical, physical characteristics and MWCO values. Consequently, this design will produce much smaller dimension channels similar to human vasculature to achieve biomimetic properties like of human organs and tissues. By interchanging microfluidic-layers or the membranes various diverse modules are designed that act as building blocks for constructing various medical devices, various forms of dialysis devices including albumin and lipid dialysis, water purification, bioreactors bio-artificial organ support systems. Connecting various modules in diverse combinations, permutations, in parallel ad/or in series to ultimately design many unrelated medical devices such as dialysis, bioreactors and organ support devices.

The invention relates to a multistage membrane distillation apparatus (5000), comprising a plurality of multistage membrane distillation modules (500, 600), the modules being configured to be flowed through in parallel by a liquid (F) to be concentrated. Each module comprises a plurality of serial condensation/evaporation stages (50, 60) configured to be flowed through in series by the liquid to be concentrated. Each condensation/evaporation stage comprises a plurality of parallel condensation/evaporation elements (101, 102) configured to be flowed through in parallel by the liquid to be concentrated. Each condensation/evaporation element comprises at least one condensation unit and at least one evaporation unit. The apparatus further comprises at least one of: a centralized heating stage configured to generate steam and to provide the steam to each of the modules in parallel, and a centralized condensation stage configured to receive steam from each of the modules in parallel and to condensate the steam.