An apparatus for treating water or liquids in general, including a reverse osmosis filtration device provided with at least one inlet associated with a line for supplying the liquid to be treated, at least one outlet of the permeate associated with a line for dispensing the treated liquid and at least one concentrate outlet associated with a line for discharging the waste. The particularity of the present invention resides in that it includes, downstream of the filtration device, at least one tank that forms inside it two adjacent chambers with a mutually variable volume, in which one chamber is connected to the delivery line while the other chamber is connected to the discharge line.

A method and system of generating electrical power or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating, by a selectively permeable membrane, a first saline solution from a second saline solution, receiving, by the first saline solution and/or the second saline solution, thermal energy from a heat source, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, capturing at least some salinity-gradient energy as electrical power as the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. The method further includes transferring, by a heat pump, thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution, causing the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution to increase. The method may include a process of membrane distillation, forward osmosis, evaporation, electrodialysis, and/or salt decomposition for further energy efficiency and power generation.

A drainless reverse osmosis (RO) water purification system provides relatively pure water for on-demand dispensing, while recycling brine to a domestic hot water system. The drainless purification system includes a pre-filter catalyst cartridge for removing chlorine-based contaminants from a tap water supply upstream from an RO membrane. The catalyst is regularly refreshed by a high through-flow of water to a conventional cold water dispense faucet, thereby significantly prolonging the service life of the RO membrane. The RO membrane is incorporated into a multi-cartridge unit adapted for facilitated slide-out removal and replacement as needed. A control valve recycles brine from the RO membrane to the hot water system during pure water production, and recirculates tap water through the RO membrane when a pure water reservoir is substantially filled. The multi-cartridge unit may further include an air filtration system for providing a flow of filtered air.

The invention relates to the purification and/or desalination of a liquid. The present method includes purifying a liquid and flushing a liquid purification means. Raw liquid is fed, via a means for increasing pressure, along a raw liquid and drain liquid mixing line to a liquid purification means. Drain liquid is fed along a recirculation line in order to be mixed with raw liquid. After a set period of time, the liquid purification process is interrupted in order for the liquid purification means to be flushed by a liquid medium for the removal of contaminants which have built up on the inside surface of the liquid purification means. Downstream of the liquid purification means, the liquid medium is discharged at high speed into a drain. Prior to flushing of the liquid purification means, the purification process is interrupted at least once for a short period of time sufficient to enable disruption of a polarized layer of contaminants. A mixture of raw liquid and drain liquid is used as the liquid medium for flushing. Technical result: a reduction in the amount of raw liquid used for flushing and an increase in the service life of the water purification means.

A multi-stage filtration system for heterogeneous food mixtures. The system comprises a tank for holding the heterogeneous mixture to be filtered. First and second filtering devices receive heterogeneous mixtures from the tank and divide them into a first (second) portion of mixture and a residual (second residual) portion of solid mixture. First and second feeding conduits and first and second connecting conduits between the tank and the first and second filtering devices feed the heterogeneous mixtures to the first and second filtering devices and the first and second portions of mixture to the tank, respectively. The first and the second filtering devices comprise tangential filtration filtering units comprising first filtering members of the membrane type, and second filtering members of the tubular type, respectively.

Provided herein are an apparatus and process for manufacturing a formulation comprising a drug substance, said drug substance comprising a recombinant Listeria strain comprising a prostate specific antigen (PSA) or a chimeric HER2 antigen fused to a Listeriolysin O (LLO) protein fragment.

Systems, apparatuses and methods related to treating and/or recycling a wastewater for reuse are described.

A concentration apparatus including a negatively charged membrane, a sample water supply, a first solenoid valve on a flow path from the sample water supply to the negatively charged membrane, an acidic solution storage tank storing an acidic solution, a second solenoid valve on a flow path from the acidic solution storage tank to the negatively charged membrane, an alkaline solution storage tank storing an alkaline solution, a third solenoid valve on a flow path from the alkaline solution storage tank to the negatively charged membrane, an outlet to discharge fluid, a fourth solenoid valve and a first suction pump each on a flow path from the negatively charged membrane to the outlet, a collection container in which fluid is collected, a fifth solenoid valve on a flow path from the negatively charged membrane to the collection container, and a controller that controls opening and closing of the solenoid valves.

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for desalination of high-salt and high-concentration organic wastewater by coupling three membrane separation technologies. Wastewater is subjected to diffusion desalination to obtain diffusion desalination wastewater and diffusion desalination circulating water; the diffusion desalination circulating water is subjected to reverse osmosis to obtain pure water and high-concentration salt water; and the diffusion desalination wastewater is subjected to forward osmosis to obtain forward osmosis wastewater and forward osmosis circulating water, where the forward osmosis wastewater is desalted and concentrated wastewater.

A product concentration device that utilizes a reservoir connected to a hollow-fiber filter element where the reservoir can serve as a container for filtrate emanating from another filtering device, such that product in the reservoir can be stored, concentrated and/or further processed as desired. Enclosed reactor systems, each of at least three chambers, fluid flow between the chambers controlled by selectively permeable barriers, flow controlled by an alternating flow diaphragm pump.