The invention deals with the separation of homogeneous catalysts from reaction mixtures with the help of organophilic nanofiltration. It is based on the object of indicating an option as to how organophilic nanofiltration can be used economically for separating off homogeneous catalysts from reaction mixtures if the separation-active material of the membrane satisfying the separation aim is not available in sufficiently large amounts or only at high cost. This object is achieved by taking into consideration a particular membrane performance indicator during the design and/or the execution of the corresponding membrane separation process.

A system and method for predictive analysis of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants receives first data associated with a SWRO plant, including a first set of parameters associated with seawater, a second set of parameters associated with a permeate, and a third set of parameters associated with a brine. The system determines a fourth set of parameters by applying normalization techniques to the received first data. The system determines, based upon the fourth set of parameters, a set of membrane performance parameters associated with the SWRO plant, or a set of diagnostic indicators associated with at least one of the SWRO plant and the seawater. The system outputs the determined set of membrane performance parameters or the set of diagnostic indicators.

A method for controlling a hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane system with controllable power consumption, including the following steps. A filtration flow rate is determined by the program control system according to preset working conditions and the electricity price and the inlet water temperature obtained by a first monitoring module when the hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane assembly is started to perform a filtration process. The inlet water pressure change and the permeability change are monitored and recorded by a second monitoring module during the filtration process. A flushing mode and a flushing intensity of the cleaning system are determined by the program control system according to the inlet water pressure change and the permeability change during the filtration when the filtration process is completed.

A modular distributed desalination system including a desalination buoy interconnected to a landside post-treatment station. The desalination buoy further includes a dynamic ballast system, a reverse osmosis system, an integral media filter, and intake screen, and a brine diffuser system.

In at least one embodiment, the method for monitoring a filtration process in which a first solution is processed by a filter system (100) comprises: receiving first measurement data which are indicative for at least one input process variable (V1_M, V2_M), wherein the at least one input process variable (V1_M, V2_M) is a process variable of the filtration process measurable during the filtration process with help of a measurement unit (11, 31), determining output data by executing a filtration process model (4) and using the first measurement data, whereinexecuting the filtration process model (4) comprises solving at least one physical equation describing the interaction between solutes of the first solution, at least one parameter of the filtration process model (4) is dependent on the at least one input process variable (V1_M, V2_M) derived from the first measurement data, the output data is indicative for at least one modeled process variable (V3_P, V4_P) of the filtration process.

A water purification system that allows for bypassing one or more stages of purification during periods of high demand. Bypass can be selectively implemented as a function of fluid particulate levels and/or reservoir level.

A method for controlling a hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane system with controllable power consumption, including the following steps. A filtration flow rate is determined by the program control system according to preset working conditions and the electricity price and the inlet water temperature obtained by a first monitoring module when the hollow fiber nanofiltration membrane assembly is started to perform a filtration process. The inlet water pressure change and the permeability change are monitored and recorded by a second monitoring module during the filtration process. A flushing mode and a flushing intensity of the cleaning system are determined by the program control system according to the inlet water pressure change and the permeability change during the filtration when the filtration process is completed.

This disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for analyzing an influence variable on membrane fouling of a seawater desalination system, wherein influence variables other than variables having a low degree of influence, among variables affecting the membrane, are selected, and the influence thereof on membrane fouling is used to derive an equation. The apparatus includes a variable storage unit configured to store variables affecting membrane fouling of a seawater desalination system, a dominant variable selection unit configured to select at least one dominant variable among the variables through at least one algorithm, and an equation derivation unit configured to derive a specific equation based on a correlation between the selected dominant variable and the membrane fouling.

Apparatus and processes for controlling a reverse osmosis system for water desalination to reduce energy consumption. The system has a controller configured to receive information from the sensor array and determine a fouling parameter for each reverse-osmosis stage based on one or more of: an A-Value, a B-value and a normalized differential pressure. The controller is then configured to control the flow through each of the reverse-osmosis assemblies based on the determined fouling parameters to meet a predetermined criterion for total permeate production for the reverse-osmosis system.

A reverse osmosis system according to the present disclosure includes a first membrane array, a second membrane array, a hydraulic pressure booster, and a motor-generator. The first membrane array is configured to generate a first permeate stream and a first brine stream from a feed stream. The second membrane array is configured to generate a second permeate stream and a second brine stream from the first brine stream. The booster is configured to use energy from the second brine stream to increase pressure of at least one of the feed stream and the first brine stream. The motor-generator is coupled to the hydraulic pressure booster and is operable to use energy from a power supply to drive the hydraulic pressure booster. The motor-generator is also operable to use energy from the second brine stream to provide power to the power supply.