In a wastewater treatment process or other water treatment process, wherein ceramic membranes are employed to filter liquid not being treated in a biological process, ozone gas is injected and dissolved into the membrane influent for the purpose of preventing fouling of the membranes, while also enhancing pathogen removal. Ozone concentration as injected is at a concentration greater than 2 mg/l, preferably at least about 5 mg/l.

The present invention relates in general to the field of water kiosks, and more specifically, to an emergency water filtration kiosk and method of delivering clean and safe water using the emergency water filtration kiosk. One aspect of the emergency water filtration kiosk and method of use may include a four-stage water filtration system to better purify, clean, and improve the taste of water. The emergency water filtration kiosk and method of use may further include a turn-key variable pump system that is configured to supply water to the emergency water filtration kiosk via three alternative power sources. The purpose of the invention is to provide a self-contained and rapidly deployable emergency response water filtration kiosk and method of use that delivers clean and safe drinking water to people in need after a natural disaster. An additional purpose of the invention is to provide an emergency water filtration kiosk and method of use that offers a wide variety of on-board integrated pumping solutions to supply water to the filtration kiosk under any power condition.

The present invention relates to a centrifugal force-based nanoparticle separation apparatus and method. Specifically, the present invention is based on having a low centrifugal force and a small size, and may thus separate nanovesicles unrelated to antibody specificity in a short time and without using an ultracentrifuge. Further, the present invention requires no additional professional personnel and enables accurate fluid measurement by integrating and automating all processes after sample injection, and may thus reduce the loss of nanovesicles.

Biocide can be controllably added to a feed stream for a membrane. The membrane can separate the feed stream into a purified permeate stream and a concentrate stream containing contaminants from the feed stream. In some examples, a charge neutral biocide is introduced into the feed stream at a first addition rate. The concentration of the charge neutral biocide in the permeate stream is measured to provide a measured concentration of the charge neutral biocide in the permeate stream. The addition rate of the charge neutral biocide can be adjusted based on the measured concentration of the charge neutral biocide in the permeate stream to introduce charge neutral biocide into the feed stream at a second addition rate different than the first addition rate.

We provide methods, systems, and apparatus for treatment of high chemical oxygen demand wastewater using anaerobic treatment with ceramic membranes. We also provide post-treatment using microbial fuel cells.

A treatment system for removing hardness, silicon, and turbidity from wastewater having a high salt concentration, comprising an integrated reaction apparatus comprising a reaction box and a chemical drug adding device, and a membrane separation apparatus comprising a membrane pool and a membrane component. The wastewater having the high salt concentration enters the reaction box; a required chemical drug is added to the wastewater by means of the chemical drug adding device; the chemical drug and the wastewater are fully mixed and reacted to produce different kinds of sludge particles; a sludge particle mixed liquid directly enters the membrane pool; under the action of an aeration device, the sludge particle mixed liquid is in a suspension state and uniform in concentration, and is screened and filtered by the membrane component; and produced water is discharged from the membrane pool, and intercepted sludge particles are discharged from the membrane pool.

A method for washing a filter is used in a seawater desalination process including a first filtration step for subjecting seawater to microfiltration or ultrafiltration, and a second filtration step for subjecting seawater after the first filtration step to a reverse osmosis treatment. The filter is a microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane used in the first filtration step. An iron compound is added to seawater in any stage in the washing method. The washing method includes a washing chemical liquid preparation step for preparing washing chemical liquid, and a sticking matter removal step for removing matter sticking to the filter by bringing the filter into contact with washing chemical liquid. In the washing chemical liquid preparation step, seawater after the first filtration step is mixed with at least hydrogen peroxide to prepare washing chemical liquid having an iron compound concentration of 1.50 mmol/L or more in terms of iron atoms.

A cleaning device includes: an ozone gas supply portion; an ozone dissolution tank including a gas phase portion in which ozone gas is to be accumulated and a liquid phase portion formed by water in which the ozone gas is to be dissolved; a gas phase portion ozone gas supply pipe for supplying ozone gas from the ozone gas supply portion to the gas phase portion; a liquid phase portion ozone gas supply pipe for supplying ozone gas from the ozone gas supply portion to the liquid phase portion; and an ozone water supply pipe for supplying ozone water generated in the ozone dissolution tank to a filtering secondary side, wherein the ozone water is supplied to the filtering secondary side by the pressure of ozone gas in the gas phase portion.

Processes and systems for filtering a liquid sample are provided. Batches of a liquid sample can be routed to two or more cycling tanks (e.g., first and second cycling tanks). Upon filling a first cycling tank, a first batch of the liquid sample can be routed to a filtration assembly by a continuous diafiltration process that includes routing produced retentate back to the first cycling tank or to a collection vessel. Upon filling a second cycling tank, a second batch of the liquid sample is routed to the filtration assembly by a continuous diafiltration process that includes routing produced retentate back to the second cycling tank or to the collection vessel. The filling and continuous diafiltration of batches of the liquid sample continues to alternate between the two or more cycling tanks until a total product volume is processed.

A method for controlling slime is used in a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus and has a water-supplying step of supplying water to be treated to the reverse osmosis membrane. The water-supplying step includes a first water-supplying step in which a slime controlling agent X which contains 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) and a slime controlling agent Y which contains at least one type selected from a group consisting of components (A) to (D) are added to the water to be treated which has a pH of 10 or less, and the water to be treated which contains the slime controlling agent X and the slime controlling agent Y is supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane. The component (A) is mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (Cl-MIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), the component (B) is chloramine compound, the component (C) is stabilized bromide, and the component (D) is glutaraldehyde.