Material processing composites, devices, methods of use, and methods of manufacturing using composites having three-dimensional interpenetrating channels separated by porous walls. Such composites include composites having a first flow channel and a second flow channel defined and separated by porous (e.g., nanoporous) walls, wherein the first flow channel and the second flow channels have a three-dimensional interpenetrating structure. The first flow channel and the second flow channel may have a triply periodic minimal surface structure, such as a gyroid or Schwartz surface structure. In some embodiments, the composite is configured for use in hemofiltration, molecular filtration, gas purification, energy storage, or chemical conversion.

A method for preparing a light- and oxygen-permeable membrane includes: adding polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), an organic solvent, and a pore-forming agent successively to a container, stirring at 60 C. to 80 C. for 5 h to 7 h, and conducting vacuum deaeration to obtain a PVDF casting solution; adding polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and a curing agent successively to a container, thoroughly stirring at 20 C. to 25 C., and conducting static deaeration to obtain a PDMS casting solution; blade-coating the PVDF casting solution on a glass plate, rinsing the glass plate in a rinsing tank to remove the organic solvent and the pore-forming agent, and oven-drying the glass plate to obtain an initial membrane; and coating the PDMS casting solution on a back side of the initial membrane, placing the initial membrane at room temperature for 2 h to 4 h, and oven-drying the initial membrane to obtain the light- and oxygen-permeable membrane.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.

The present invention aims to provide a porous separation membrane that does not suffer a significant decrease in the protein permeability even after long term use. The porous separation membrane has an asymmetric structure with a dense layer forming one surface layer and with a coarse layer forming the other surface layer, supports a biocompatible polymer, and meet the requirements (1) and (2) given below in surface analysis of a cross section containing the dense layer and the coarse layer performed by TOF-SIMS: (1) the minimum value of normalized intensity of the ion signal attributed to the biocompatible polymer in the coarse layer is 0.15 times or more of the maximum value, and (2) the normalized average intensity of the ion signal attributed to the biocompatible polymer in the dense layer is 2.0 times or more of the normalized average intensity of the ion signal attributed to carboxylic acid in the coarse layer.

The present disclosure relates to the research field of functionalized membrane materials and their preparation methods, in particular to a double-layer functionalized hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof. The present disclosure provides a preparation method for a double-layer functionalized hollow fiber membrane, including preparation of the casting solutions, transverse extrusion casting solution, longitudinal stretching, the first coagulation bath, the second coagulation bath, and the third coagulation bath. The double-layer functionalized hollow fiber membrane prepared by the present disclosure has a double-functionalized layer structure with a dense cortical antibacterial layer and a macroporous structure adsorption layer. The double-layer functionalized hollow fiber membrane not only has the function of separation and purification, but also has the function of bacteriostasis and adsorption. The double-layer functionalized hollow fiber membrane has high strength, the wire is not easy to break, and it has a wide application field.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.