Disclosed herein is a phenolic-graphene oxide composition comprising phenolic-graphene oxide having a carbon to oxygen (C:O) ratio of 2.1 or greater and 5 or less.

Described are filtration membranes that include a porous fluoropolymer membrane and thermally stable ionic groups; filters and filter components that include these filtration membranes; methods of making the filtration membranes, filters, and filter components; and method of using a filtration membrane, filter component, or filter to remove unwanted material from fluid.

A method of separating gas and a method of making a gas separation membrane. The method of separating gas includes flowing a gas stream through a membrane, in which the membrane comprises a crosslinked mixture of a poly(ether-b-amide) copolymer and an acrylate-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) according to formula (I) or formula (II); and separating the gas stream via the membrane.

##STR00001##

In formulas (I) and (II), each n is of from 2 to 30; and each R is independently H or CH.sub.3.

The present invention relates to a forward osmosis-based separation membrane based on a multilayer thin film, using crosslinking between organic monomers, and a preparation method therefore, and in the preparation of the forward osmosis-based separation membrane including a support layer and a selective layer, a middle layer is provided between the support layer and the selective layer so as to prevent a phenomenon in which the selective layer is filled in a pore of the support layer, such that the thickness of a multilayer thin film constituting the selective layer is optimized, and excellent water permeability, salt removal rate and pollution resistance properties are exhibited through the support layer having a structure of uniform surface pores and minimized pore distortion.

A co-cast thin film composite flat sheet membrane is provided that comprises an asymmetric porous non-selective support layer with a thickness of 10-50 micrometers and an asymmetric integrally skinned polyimide-containing selective layer with a thickness of 5-40 micrometers on top of said support layer, wherein said asymmetric integrally skinned polyimide-containing selective layer comprises a porous non-selective polyimide-containing support layer with a thickness of ?5-40 micrometers and a relatively porous, thin, dense, polyimide-containing top skin layer with a thickness of 0.02-0.2 micrometers.

The present invention relates to synthetic membranes and use of these synthetic membranes for isolation of volatile organic compounds and purification of water. The synthetic membrane includes a hydrophobic polymer layer located on a polymeric membrane support layer. The invention includes a method of isolating volatile organic compounds with the synthetic membrane by contacting a volatile organic mixture with the hydrophobic polymer layer of the synthetic membrane and removing volatile organic compounds from the polymeric membrane support layer of the synthetic membrane by a process of pervaporation. The invention also includes a method of purifying water with the synthetic membrane by contacting an ionic solution with the hydrophobic polymer layer of the synthetic membrane and removing water from the polymeric membrane support layer of the synthetic membrane by a process of reverse osmosis. The invention also relates to methods of isolating non-polar gases by gas fractionation.

A functional polymer membrane including a porous support and a crosslinked polymer electrolyte, in which the film thickness of the functional polymer membrane is smaller than 100 ?m, the crosslinked polymer electrolyte is a crosslinked polymer formed by subjecting a composition including a monomer having a (meth)acrylamide skeleton to a polymerization curing reaction, and the proportion of elemental oxygen in the elemental composition excluding elemental hydrogen and helium at the surface of the porous support is from 14.0 atom % to 25.0 atom %; and a method for producing the same are provided.

Described are various embodiments of a method for fabricating a polymer membrane having open through holes, and membranes so produced. In some embodiments, a curable polymeric resin is introduced within a micro post structure wherein a material of the micro posts is soluble in a solvent and wherein the curable polymeric resin is insoluble in this solvent such that the structure can be at least partially dissolved to release the membrane once cured.

A method of producing a gas separation membrane, includes: an ultraviolet ozone treatment of irradiating a resin layer precursor which has a siloxane bond with light containing ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 185 nm and ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm to form a resin layer that contains a compound having a siloxane bond, in which a cumulative irradiation dose of the ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 185 nm is in a range of 6.0 to 17.0 J/cm.sup.2, a cumulative irradiation dose of the ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm is in a range of 120 to 330 J/cm.sup.2, and the compound having a siloxane bond contained in the resin layer includes a repeating unit represented by Formula (2) or a repeating unit represented by Formula (3).

##STR00001##

A gas separation membrane includes a gas separation layer containing a polyimide compound, in which the polyimide compound has a repeating unit represented by Formula (I),

##STR00001## in Formula (I), R.sup.f1 to R.sup.f6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, a ring Ar.sup.1 and a ring Ar.sup.2 each independently represent an aromatic ring, A represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and R represents a mother nucleus having a specific structure.