The present disclosure relates to a method for forming a transport mechanism for transporting at least one of a gas or a liquid. The method may comprise using a 3D printing operation to form the mechanism with an inlet and an outlet, and controlling the 3D printing operation to create the mechanism as an engineered surface structure formed in a layer-by-layer process. The method may further comprise controlling the 3D printing operation such that the engineered surface structure includes a plurality of cells propagating periodically in three dimensions, with non-intersecting, non-flat, continuously curving wall portions which form two non-intersecting domains, and where the wall portions have openings forming a plurality of flow paths extending in three orthogonal dimensions throughout from the inlet to the outlet, and such that the engineered surface structure has wall portions having a mean curvature other than zero.

A high-quality microporous hollow fiber membrane having high gas permeability, gas selectivity, and strength. A microporous hollow fiber membrane, having a carbon dioxide gas flux of 1010.sup.5 to 20010.sup.5 (cm.sup.3(STP)/cm.sup.2/sec/cmHg), a value (carbon dioxide gas flux/nitrogen gas flux) obtained by dividing a value of a carbon dioxide gas flux by a value of a nitrogen gas flux (cm.sup.3(STP)/cm.sup.2/sec/cmHg) of 1.3 or more, and a tensile strength of 0.5 cN/dtex or more.

A filter screen for cross-flow filtration includes a cross-sectional thickness measured from an outer surface to an inner surface, the outer surface configured to exclude particles; and a plurality of slots that are evenly spaced apart. Each of the slots have a length along a longest axis at the outer surface; a width measured from a perpendicular axis relative to the length at the outer surface that is less than the length; and a depth along the cross-sectional thickness that is tapered.

A method for making a filter membrane includes: forming a polymer layer; applying a plurality of nanoparticles on the polymer layer, the nanoparticles being self-assembled to form a closed pack arrangement on the polymer layer; heating the nanoparticles such that a portion of the polymer layer contacting the nanoparticles is softened so that the nanoparticles are sunk into the polymer layer; and removing the nanoparticles from the polymer layer so that the polymer layer is formed with a plurality of pores penetrating the polymer layer and being arranged in a honeycomb pattern.

Filtration membrane with improved mechanical stability and increased resistance to pressure is provided. The filtration membrane is useful for in vivo implantable filtration devices, such as, an artificial kidney. In vivo implantable filtration devices are also provided.

In particles removal with extremely high filtration efficiency and the ability to block submicron airborne particles by a sieving mechanism is provided. This novel nanoporous filter advantageously combines extremely high transmittance for visible light and ultraviolet light, reusability after cleaning or disinfection by ultraviolet irradiation or simple washing, a customizable sieving pore size ranging from a few nanometers to 500 nanometers, and the ability to carry bactericidal, virucidal or other reagents or particles on the nano or micro scale.

Photocurable compositions and methods of preparation and use of such compositions. More particularly, photocurable compositions useful for forming topographical features on surfaces such as membrane surfaces. Methods of forming topographical features on a membrane surface using photocurable compositions.