The present disclosure provides an efficient and stable magnetic nanofiber membrane and a preparation method and use thereof, and belongs to the technical field of composites. The preparation method includes the following steps: dissolving polyacrylonitrile or polystyrene, nZVI particles, and n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide in N,N-dimethylformamide, and mixing uniformly to obtain a spinning solution; subjecting the spinning solution to electrospinning; and vacuum-drying a resulting fiber membrane to obtain the efficient and stable magnetic nanofiber membrane. In the present disclosure, the magnetic nanofiber membrane has a high specific surface area, a desirable porosity, an excellent mechanical strength, and satisfactory magnetic properties. The membrane effectively exerts a synergistic effect of the nZVI particles and an organic polymer material carrier, avoids easy oxidation of a catalyst surface and easy particle agglomeration, enhances a catalytic activity of the magnetic nanofiber membrane, and improves an efficiency in organic wastewater treatment.

A porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane including a nonwoven web having a microstructure of substantially only microfibrils fused at crossover points, said membrane having a percent balance of orthogonal dimensions that is within 10%.

A polymer film has a loofah-like structure. It has a fibrous framework structure formed by three-dimensional interwoven and interconnected polymer fibers and a three-dimensional interconnected network pore structure distributed in the fibrous framework structure. The polymer is an organic polymer and the fibrous framework structure is integrally formed by the polymer. The film has a volume porosity of from 50% to 95%. The film is obtained by means of a combination method for atomization pretreatment and non-solvent phase separation. The film can be used in the fields of gas filtration, liquid filtration, oil-water separation, adsorption materials, catalysis, pharmaceutical sustained release materials, anti-adhesion coatings, oil delivery and oil spill interception.

Cation exchange membranes and materials including silica-based ceramics, and associated methods, are provided. In some aspects, cation exchange membranes that include a silica-based ceramic that forms a coating on and/or within a porous support membrane are described. The cation exchange membranes and materials may have certain structural or chemical attributes (e.g., pore size/distribution, chemical functionalization) that, alone or in combination, can result in advantageous performance characteristics in any of a variety of applications for which selective transport of positively charged ions through membranes/materials is desired. In some embodiments, the silica-based ceramic contains relatively small pores (e.g., substantially spherical nanopores) that may contribute to some such advantageous properties. In some embodiments, the cation exchange membrane or material includes sulfonate and/or sulfonic acid groups covalently bound to the silica-based ceramic.

A method of preparing a polyamide membrane with multi-level pore structure mediated by protein fiber network includes the steps of: preparing protein fiber; quenching and carrying out dialysis; loading protein fiber network on ultrafiltration membrane; preparing aqueous and organic phase solutions; and carrying out interfacial polymerization, which can solve the problems of the integrity and separation performance of the polyamide layer being affected by low porosity of the base membrane and uneven distribution of amine monomers. The polyamide membrane prepared by the method of the present invention greatly improves the water flux while ensuring a high salt rejection rate. At the same time, the introduction of the protein fiber network also enhances the mechanical strength and anti-pollution ability of the membrane.

The present disclosure provides microporous hollow fiber webs, including connected hollow fibers. At least some of the hollow fibers have an open celled porous structure including microfibrils that connect lamellae microstructures. Methods of making microporous hollow fiber webs are also provided. Such methods include obtaining a hollow fiber web having connected hollow fibers, and stretching the hollow fiber web in a machine direction to fracture at least a portion of the hollow fibers to generate an open celled porous structure.