A supported carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membrane is made by contacting a film of a carbon forming polymer on a polymer textile to form a laminate. The laminate is then heated to a temperature for a time under an atmosphere sufficient to carbonize the film and polymer textile to form the supported CMS membrane. The supported CMS membrane formed is a laminate having a carbon separating layer graphitically bonded to a carbon textile, wherein the carbon separating layer is a continuous film. The supported CMS membranes are particularly useful for separating gases such as olefins from their corresponding paraffins.

A hollow fiber membrane contains a vinylidene fluoride-based resin and polyethylene glycol. In the hollow fiber membrane, the polyethylene glycol has a content of 1.0 part by weight or more and less than 5.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the vinylidene fluoride-based resin. In a case where the hollow fiber membrane is divided in three equal parts by a line drawn from an inner surface side to an outer surface side of the hollow fiber membrane in a radial direction of a cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the hollow fiber membrane, and where polyethylene glycol normalized intensities at respective intermediate points are defined as inner surface part a, central part b, and outer surface part c, c is less than 0.3 and a is 0.5 or more.

A polyolefin composite porous membrane includes a first layer and a second layer. The first layer contains a polypropylene (A), a first high-density polyethylene (B) having a melting point of 130 C. or higher, and a second high-density polyethylene (C) having a melting point of 120 C. or higher and lower than 130 C. The second layer contains a polyethylene (D). The first layer and the second layer are integrally laminated with each other.

Disclosed is a urea biosensor that is stable at ambient temperature, and methods of making thereof.

Disclosed are multi-enzyme biosensors that are stable at ambient temperature, and methods of making thereof.

Disclosed herein are compositions for permeable outer diffusion control membranes for creatinine and creatine sensors and methods of making such membranes.

The present disclosure relates to electrochemical sensors for measuring creatinine and creatine in a patient's blood. More particularly, the disclosure relates to compositions and methods for improving calibration accuracy of electrochemical sensors used for measuring creatinine and creatine.

The disclosure relates to electrochemical sensors for measuring creatinine and creatine in a patient's blood. More particularly, the disclosure relates to compositions and methods for improving measurement accuracy of electrochemical sensors used for measuring creatinine and creatine.

A gas separation membrane, characterized by having a porous support and a polyamine layer formed on the porous support, the number-average molecular weight of the polyamine constituting a part of the polyamine being 100,000-500,000.

A two-layer photo-responsive membrane including a polymer layer and a support layer, the polymer layer being disposed on a surface of the support layer. The polymer layer is formed of a graft copolymer that contains a hydrophobic backbone and multiple side chains, the side chains each consisting of repeat units that switch between a hydrophobic form and a hydrophilic form upon exposure to a light of a specific wavelength. The polymer layer has a molecular weight cut-off of 3,000 to 250,000 Daltons and a thickness of 50 nm to 10 m; and the support layer has a molecular weight cut-off of 50 to 250,000 Daltons. Also disclosed is a method of preparing this two-layer photo-responsive membrane.