A two-layer photo-responsive membrane including a polymer layer and a support layer, the polymer layer being disposed on a surface of the support layer. The polymer layer is formed of a graft copolymer that contains a hydrophobic backbone and multiple side chains, the side chains each consisting of repeat units that switch between a hydrophobic form and a hydrophilic form upon exposure to a light of a specific wavelength. The polymer layer has a molecular weight cut-off of 3,000 to 250,000 Daltons and a thickness of 50 nm to 10 ?m; and the support layer has a molecular weight cut-off of 50 to 250,000 Daltons. Also disclosed is a method of preparing this two-layer photo-responsive membrane.

The present disclosure provides a substrate for a liquid filter, including: a polyolefin microporous membrane, in which a mean flow pore size in a pore size distribution of the polyolefin microporous membrane measured by a half dry method according to gas-liquid phase substitution is from 1 nm to 50 nm, a calcium content in the polyolefin microporous membrane is 2,000 ppb or less, and a ratio of a tensile elongation in a longitudinal direction (MD) to a tensile elongation in a width direction (TD) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (MD/TD tensile elongation ratio) of the polyolefin microporous membrane is from 0.47 to less than 0.96 or from more than 1.25 to 7.

Membranes, methods of making the membranes, and methods of using the membranes are described herein. The membrane can comprise a support layer; and a selective polymer layer disposed on the support layer. The selective polymer layer can comprise a selective polymer matrix (e.g., hydrophilic polymer, an amine-containing polymer, a low molecular weight amino compound, a CO.sub.2-philic ether, or a combination thereof), and graphene oxide dispersed within the selective polymer matrix. The membranes can be used to separate carbon dioxide for hydrogen. Also provided are methods of purifying syngas using the membranes described herein.

Disclosed is a porous hollow fiber membrane containing a polysulfone-based polymer as a main component, which has an asymmetric structure in which the inner surface side is dense and the outer surface side is coarse, wherein an average of a minor axis diameter of pores of an inner surface is 20 nm or more and 40 nm or less, an open porosity of the inner surface is 10% or more and 30% or less, and a polymer including a monocarboxylic acid vinyl ester unit is supported on at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface. The present invention provides a hollow fiber membrane which has excellent removing performance of substances to be separated such as viruses, and can be used as a separation membrane having high permeability even in a treatment under low pressure.

A polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane is disclosed. The polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane has at least three layers, the membrane comprising a first microporous layer composed of a polyethylene resin containing an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (surface layers) and a second microporous layer composed of a polyolefin rein containing a high-density polyethylene and polypropylene (intermediate layer), wherein (I) the pin puncture strength is at least 25 g/m, (II) the coefficient of static friction with respect to a metal foil is at least 0.40, and (III) the meltdown temperature is at least 180 C.

Microporous sheet product and methods of making and using the same. In one embodiment, the microporous sheet product is made by a process that includes melt-extruding a sheet material using an extrusion mixture that includes (i) a cyclic olefin copolymer, (ii) an electrolyte swellable thermoplastic, and (iii) a compatibilizing agent that promotes mixing of the cyclic olefin copolymer and the electrolyte swellable thermoplastic, the compatibilizing agent having a boiling point in the range of 135-300 C. As an example, the cyclic olefin copolymer may be an ethylene-norbornene copolymer, the electrolyte swellable thermoplastic may be polyethylene oxide, and the compatibilizing agent may be mineral spirits. After extrusion, the sheet material may be cooled, and the compatibilizing agent may be removed, forming an ionically-conductive microporous sheet product. The microporous sheet product has high-temperature stability and gels when exposed to a liquid electrolyte, enabling high ionic conductivity when used as a battery separator.

A hollow porous membrane of the present invention comprises a plurality of porous membrane layers, at least two layers of which are formed using a thermoplastic resin (a) having a mass average molecular weight of 500,000 or more, and the hollow porous membrane having a bursting pressure of 200 kPa or more when an internal pressure is applied and exhibiting virus removal performance of LRV 4 or more in the case of using MS2 phage as a test bacterium.

The invention disclosed herein generally relates to matrices comprising polymers and methods for preparing them.

A polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane is disclosed. The polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane has at least three layers, the membrane comprising a first microporous layer composed of a polyethylene resin containing an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (surface layers) and a second microporous layer composed of a polyolefin rein containing a high-density polyethylene and polypropylene (intermediate layer), wherein (I) the pin puncture strength is at least 25 g/m, (II) the coefficient of static friction with respect to a metal foil is at least 0.40, and (III) the meltdown temperature is at least 180 C.

A method of removing chemical contaminants from a composition comprising an active, a solvent, and a contaminant can include providing an initial feed supply, wherein the initial feed supply comprises the active, the solvent, and the contaminant, wherein the contaminant can include 1,4 dioxane, dimethyl dioxane, or a combination thereof; including filtering the initial feed stock through a nanofilter.