A hollow expansion chamber of the present invention is configured to temporarily contain an expansion of bubbles during an aeration process for aerating a liquid, where a chamber body of the expansion chamber has an oblate spheroid shape. When moving circumferentially downward along the chamber body starting from a maximum inside diameter, the oblate spheroidal shape of a bottom portion has a first integral transition that is a tangential transition to a first frustoconical shape. Continuing moving circumferentially downward, the first frustoconical shape has a second integral transition to a cylindrical extension. The cylindrical extension at a distal end has a bottom opening configured to fit within an opened bottleneck. The first frustoconical shape has a minimum angle of 15 degrees relative to a horizontal plane. The second integral transition is a radial second integral transition having an inside surface radius of at least 0.25 inches.

A hydro turbulator system includes a volute that has a top duct and a bottom duct that allow fluid to enter and exit the volute. An impeller system including a first impeller and a second impeller is positioned within the volute. The first impeller and the second impeller are axially aligned. A motor is operationally connected to the impeller system so that the first impeller and the second impeller rotate upon operation of the motor. Rotation of the first impeller and the second impeller creates successive zones of high pressure and low pressure to agitate and condition fluid within the volute.

The description relates to methods and apparatus that enable the efficient introduction of gases like air, oxygen and ozone into aqueous liquids. Gases are introduced into liquids for making that gas chemically or biologically available at a minimum energy expenditure. Impinging jets of liquid are directed into a pressurized saturation vessel having a gas-filled headspace and a saturation zone below the surface of the liquid at a velocity sufficient to create a turbulent impact and plunge zone. The resulting turbulence and mixing of gas and liquid in that zone under pressure, causes the gas to be driven into the liquid in the vessel and breaks up the gas and the liquid into a churning flow and creates a large number of bubbles. The resulting gas-enriched liquid is discharged from the vessel at an outlet to ensure a minimum of bubbles in the gas-enriched liquid.

There is provided an ammonia gas removal system, including a fine bubble generation device which is configured to receive at least a portion of scrubber process water from a storage tank, and to generate fine bubbles containing carbon dioxide gas in the received scrubber process water, the storage tank being configured to store the scrubber process water to be provided to a gas scrubber, the gas scrubber being configured to spray the process water onto ammonia-containing gas.

Various embodiments relate to devices and methods for treating a mixture of expansion gas and filling product foam in a beverage filling plant, comprising the steps of introducing the mixture of expansion gas and filling product foam into a closed separation container and extracting the expansion gas out of the closed separation container via suction.

The present disclosure provides a microchannel device including a first base having a defining surface that defines a flow channel and containing a polymer that contains a fluorine atom and a second base having a defining surface that defines the flow channel together with the defining surface of the first base, having solvent resistance, and coming into contact with the first base, in which an arithmetic average roughness Ra of a surface of the first base, exposed by peeling the second base from the first base, is 1 μm or more, and provides a use application thereof.

The present disclosure provides a microchannel device including a first base having a defining surface that defines a flow channel and containing a polymer that contains a fluorine atom and a second base having a defining surface that defines the flow channel together with the defining surface of the first base, having solvent resistance, and coming into contact with the first base, in which an arithmetic average roughness Ra of a surface of the first base, exposed by peeling the second base from the first base, is 1 μm or more, and provides a use application thereof.

Apparatus for introducing a gas into a main medium, comprising: a main conduit for guiding the main medium, a multitude of injection lines for guiding the gas, wherein each of the injection lines has a respective end section with a respective outlet opening situated within the main conduit, and wherein the end sections are oriented essentially parallel to each other and to the main conduit. With the apparatus a gas can be introduced in particular into waste water for obtaining a biologically activated sludge. Thereby, interaction between the gas and the waste water can be particularly pronounced due to a particularly large liquid-gas-interface caused by particularly extensive turbulences. Further, shear stress acting on particles in the activated sludge can be advantageously low, thus avoiding damage of the biological particles.

A portable drinking vessel assembly removably engages an open end of a bottle neck to enable drinking directly from a bottle while aerating the liquid. The assembly comprises a vessel defined by a side wall, a bottom portion forming a bottom opening, and a top portion forming a top opening. A tapered conduit defined by a wide end and a narrow end integrally joins with the vessel through the wide end, and detachably attaches to the bottle through the narrow end. The liquid is aerated while flowing from narrow end, to wide end, and finally into the vessel. A silicone sleeve having ribs encapsulates a longitudinal portion of the conduit. The ribs engage an inner surface of the bottle neck to create a self-tapping rotatable action in the bottle neck, and a seal against the inner surface of bottle neck. The vessel joins a stand to remain upright.

A blow-molding plastic bubble-generating device is provided, including a board-like shell body. The board-like shell body is formed through blowing a hollow embryo placed in a mold, the hollow embryo is blown and expanded, the hollow embryo is penetrated through by a plurality of needle posts on an inner wall of the mold to form the board-like shell body, the board-like shell body is integrally formed and hollow and has a shell wall which completely and continuously surrounds the board-like shell body, and the shell wall has a plurality of through holes.