Provided are a method for producing an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid, an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid, and a method for utilizing and a device for utilizing ultra-fine bubbles that allow highly concentrated UFBs to be maintained for a long period of time and that are capable of effectively utilizing the UFBs. To this end, the method for producing an ultra-fine bubble-containing liquid includes an ultra-fine bubble generating step and a dispersing step to disperse the ultra-fine bubbles. In the ultra-fine bubble generating step, the ultra-fine bubbles are generated in a liquid by heating a heating element and making film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element. In the dispersing step, a floc, which includes two or more ultra-fine bubbles, is dispersed into multiple ultra-fine bubbles by applying vibration to the liquid in which the floc floats.

Provided is a lubricant, which may include a mixture of alkyl-esterified fatty acids from waste vegetable oil and a C8/C10 fatty acid blend. The C8/C10 fatty acid blend may include a caprylic fatty acid (C8) and a capric fatty acid (C10). Provided is a method of preparing a lubricant, which may include providing alkyl-esterified fatty acids from waste vegetable oil and a C8/C10 fatty acid blend, and mixing them such that a homogeneous lubricant composition forms. Further provided is a water-based mud, which may include an aqueous base solution and a lubricant composition. Further provided is a method off preparing the water-based mud, which may include providing an aqueous base solution and a lubricant composition and mixing them such that the water-based mud forms. Further provided is a method of using a water-based mud, which may include introducing into a wellbore the water-based mud comprising a lubricant composition.

Provided in one implementation is a method that includes introducing a volume of raw material into a chamber of a cavitation machine. The raw material can include a mixture comprising a powder and a solvent. The powder can have a first average particle size in the raw material. The method includes applying a hydrodynamic cavitation process to the raw material to produce a product material. The powder can have a second average particle size, smaller than the first average particle size, in the product material. The method includes causing the product material to exit the cavitation chamber and drying the product material to remove the solvent. Apparatus employed to apply the method are also provided.

A mixing method using a manufacturing apparatus comprising a mixing machine comprising a support defining a receiving housing having a first receiving location configured to receive a first deformable capsule and a second receiving location configured to receive a second deformable capsule, the first and second capsules fluidly linked and respectively containing a first formulation and a second formulation, the mixing machine comprising an actuation system comprising a first actuation member configured to transmit a pressure force on the first capsule and of a second actuation member configured to transmit a pressure force on the second capsule, the actuation members alternately exerting their force along a respective actuation stroke, the apparatus comprising a heater element for heating at least one of the capsules when received in the mixing machine, the method comprises a preparation phase comprising, successively: setting in motion the second actuation member; setting in motion the first actuation member, along a stroke lower than its actuation stroke; and heating by of the heater element.

A mixing machine comprising: a support defining a receiving housing, the receiving housing comprising a first receiving location configured to receive a first deformable capsule and a second receiving location configured to receive a second deformable capsule, the first and second capsules being intended to be fluidly linked to each other and containing respectively a first formulation and a second formulation, an actuation system movable relative to the support along a nominal stroke, inside the receiving housing,
wherein the actuation system comprises a spring able to be compressed when the actuation system reaches the end of the nominal stroke.

A mixing machine, configured to receive a receiving device in order to form a manufacturing apparatus, the mixing machine comprising: a support defining a receiving housing, able to receive a first capsule and a second capsule both deformable and intended to be fluidly linked to each other, the first and second capsules containing respectively a first formulation and a second formulation, an actuation system, movable in rotation back-and-forth about a pivot axis, a cam movable in rotation along a cam axis of rotation not parallel to the actuation axis of rotation, the cam comprising a drive finger,
wherein the actuation system comprises a drive groove configured to receive said drive finger, so that the rotation of the cam causes a back-and-forth motion of the actuation system, wherein the link between the drive finger and the drive groove comprises a ball joint.

A receiving device for forming a mixing machine when the receiving device is inserted into a manufacturing apparatus, the receiving device includes: a first receiving location configured to receive a first capsule containing a first formulation, a second receiving location configured to receive a second capsule containing a second formulation, the two capsules configured to be fluidly linked to each other, a first actuation face, a second actuation face, opposite to the first actuation face, a heater element configured to heat at least one of capsules when the receiving device equipped with the capsules is received in the mixing machine, a first electrical contact track for the power supply to the heater element, located on a first connection face of the receiving device, and a second contact track for the power supply to the heater element, located on a second connection face of the receiving device.

The present invention relates to a mixing machine configured to receive a receiving device in order to form a manufacturing apparatus, the mixing machine comprising: a support defining a receiving housing, able to receive a receiving device, the receiving device being configured to receive first and second capsules containing respectively a first formulation and a second formulation, the two capsules being fluidly linked to each other, an actuation system, movable inside the receiving housing to exert a pressure force on the receiving device and/or on the first and/or the second capsule(s), a retention mechanism, movable relative to the support and configured: in an insertion position, to authorize the insertion and the withdrawal of the receiving device into/from the receiving housing, and in a retention position, to block the withdrawal of the receiving device from the receiving housing.

A receiving device for forming a mixing machine when the receiving device is inserted into a manufacturing apparatus, includes: a first receiving location configured to receive a first capsule containing a first formulation, a second receiving location configured to receive a second capsule containing a second formulation, the two capsules configured to be fluidly linked to each other, a first actuation face of the receiving device, authorizing a transfer of a pressure force on the first capsule, the first actuation face having a first protective shell, a second actuation face of the receiving device, opposite to the first face, authorizing a transfer of a pressure force on the second capsule, the second actuation face having a second protective shell, and a flap opening outwardly of the receiving device and extending between the two receiving locations, to authorizes insertion of the capsules separately and extraction of the capsules jointly.

Provided in one embodiment is a method of making paste for solar cells. The method can include forcing silver through a feed tube coupled to a hydrodynamic cavitation chamber using an air-driven piston. The method can include subjecting the silver to hydrodynamic cavitation in the hydrodynamic cavitation chamber by using a hydraulic pump to pass the silver sequentially through a primary orifice, a secondary orifice, and a final orifice within the hydrodynamic cavitation chamber to produce the paste for the solar cells. The silver can include up to three unique silver powders having a total particle size distribution from 0.1 microns to 10 microns. A first silver powder can have a first average particle size of 1.5 um, a second silver powder having a second average particle size of 0.5 um, and a third silver powder having a third average particle size of 0.2 um.