A composite material (101) is produced by obtaining a plurality of agglomerates (102), introducing the plurality of agglomerates into a liquid carrier including a component capable of solidifying to produce a solidified polymeric material and mixing the plurality of the agglomerates into the liquid carrier (103) to produce a composite material. Each agglomerate is pre-formed by obtaining a plurality of electrically conductive or semi-conductive particles, mixing the plurality of electrically conductive or semi-conductive particles (201) in a granulation vessel. The mixing step includes operating the granulation vessel (202) at a Froude number of between 220 and 1100 and adhering the plurality of electrically conductive or semi-conductive particles by adding a granulation binder to a plurality of agglomerates.

Conventional ozone water is still insufficient in the removal rate and cleaning ability of resist required in today's semiconductor manufacturing field, and it does not fully meet the expectation of further improvement in the effects of sterilization, deodorization, and cleaning in the fields such as cleaning of foodstuffs, cleaning of process equipment and tools, and cleaning of fingers, as well as in the fields such as deodorization, sterilization, and preservation of freshness of foodstuffs. The above-problem can be solved by defining the values of a plurality of specific production parameters in the production of ozone water into specific ranges.

The abstract of the disclosure is a thermal-ultrafine bubble generation unit which is configured to generate thermal-ultrafine bubbles by bringing a liquid into film boiling. More specifically, the thermal-ultrafine bubble generation unit in the disclosure includes a temperature detection element that is configured to detect generation of the film boiling.

An ultrafine bubble generating apparatus generates thermal-ultrafine bubbles by bringing a liquid into film boiling while using a heater provided to a substrate. The ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a control unit which inputs energy to the heater such that a value of a ratio of energy to be inputted to the heater relative to energy with which the heater generates film boiling falls below 1.17 under a condition that the energy to be inputted to the heater is larger than the energy with which the heater generates film boiling.

In order to efficiently produce a liquid containing ultrafine bubbles of a desired gas, an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus includes a gas dissolving unit that dissolves a predetermined gas into a liquid, and a UFB generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in the liquid in which the predetermined gas is dissolved. A CPU performs control under a first condition in a case of causing the gas dissolving unit to operate in a circulation route passing through the dissolving unit. The CPU performs control under a second condition different from the first condition in a case of causing the UFB generating unit to operate in a circulation route passing through the UFB generating unit.

The present invention provides an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus capable of reducing the possibility of intermitting supply of a UFB-containing liquid. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid producing apparatus includes producing units that produce an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid containing ultrafine bubbles by using a liquid supplied from a liquid introducing unit and deliver the produced ultrafine bubble-containing liquid to a liquid delivering unit. The producing units include a plurality of ultrafine bubble generating units capable of operating independently. Each of the plurality of ultrafine bubble generating units is provided to be capable of independently switching between communicating with and being disconnected from the liquid introducing unit and the liquid delivering unit.

Provided are: a method of producing heated ozone water, the method capable of producing heated ozone water having an extremely high ozone concentration by suppressing a reduction in the ozone concentration in high-concentration heated ozone water; heated ozone water; and a semiconductor wafer-cleaning liquid using the heated ozone water. A method of producing heated ozone water obtained by dissolving ozone in pure water, the method being characterized by including: adjusting a pH of the pure water to 3 or less by adding acid to the pure water; to obtain an acid water, dissolving an ozone gas in the acid water; and heating the pure water, the acid water or the ozone water, to 60 C. or more.

Provided is a method of producing a solid dispersion that can improve solubility of a hardly soluble polyphenol in water. Specifically, provided is a method of producing a solid dispersion containing an amorphous hardly soluble polyphenol, the method including the steps of: mixing (A) a hardly soluble polyphenol, (B) at least one selected from the group consisting of a plant-derived polysaccharide, a seaweed-derived polysaccharide, and a microorganism-derived polysaccharide, a plant-derived polypeptide, and a microorganism-derived polypeptide, and (C) at least one selected from the group consisting of a monosaccharide and a disaccharide, followed by melting of the mixture by heating; and solidifying the molten product by cooling.

An ultrafine bubble generating apparatus and an ultrafine bubble generating method capable of efficiently generating an ultrafine bubble-containing liquid with high purity are provided. In order to this, a heating element provided in a liquid is caused to generate heat, and film boiling is made on an interface between the liquid and the heating element. A film boiling bubble is generated by the film boiling, and ultrafine bubbles are thus generated near the film boiling bubble.

Provided is an UFB generating apparatus and an UFB generating method capable of efficiently generating an UFB-containing liquid with high purity. To this end, the ultrafine bubble generating apparatus includes a pre-processing unit that performs predetermined pre-processing on a liquid W and a generating unit that generates ultrafine bubbles in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed. The generating unit generates the ultrafine bubbles by causing a heating element, which is provided in the liquid on which the pre-processing is performed, to generate heat to generate film boiling on an interface between the liquid and the heating element.