Disclosed are methods for continuous production of ozone strong water, the methods comprising the steps of injecting an acidification agent into a pressurized feed water to maintain a pH value of the pressurized feed water below 7, diffusing a two-phase mixture of O.sub.2-O.sub.3 gas) and recirculated water into a body of acidic pressurized water to dissolve ozone into the acidic pressurized water. The disclosed methods include simultaneously maintaining a start-up mode in an upper portion of the dissolution column that favors high efficiency of ozone mass transfer into the acidic pressurized water and a steady state mode in a lower portion of the dissolution column that favors a high concentration of dissolved ozone in the acidic pressurized water coexistent in the body of the acidic pressurized water, wherein an ozone concentration gradient is formed along a height of the body of the acidic pressurized water.

Disclosed are systems for continuous production of ozone strong water, the systems comprising an injection device that injects an acidification agent into a pressurized feed liquid, a diffuser device that injects ozone into a body of the acidic pressurized feed water, and injection nozzles each controlled by a valve that adjust a flow rate of the ozone strong water discharged from a dissolution column to match a flow rate of the acidic pressurized feed water fed to the dissolution column, thereby maintaining a start-up mode in an upper portion of the dissolution column that favors a high efficiency of ozone mass transfer and a steady-state mode in a lower portion of the dissolution column that favors a high dissolved ozone concentration coexistent in the body of the acidic pressurized liquid, wherein a concentration gradient of dissolved ozone is formed along a height of the body of the acidic pressurized liquid.

The present disclosure provides microfluidic devices, systems and methods for sample preparation and/or analysis. A microfluidic device can include a first channel having a sequence of (n) chambers each having a first volume (v). The first channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the first channel that fluidically isolate the first channel. The microfluidic device can further include a second channel in fluid communication with the first channel. The second channel can include at least one second chamber having a total second volume that is at least equal to the total volume of the first channel (n*v). The second channel can include one or more valves at opposing ends of the second channel that fluidically isolate the second channel from the first channel.

An example mobile drilling fluid plant includes a plurality of intermodal containers each exhibiting a length, a width, and a height compliant with universal shipping container dimensions and configurations dictated by the International Organization for Standardization, wherein the plurality of intermodal containers include a plurality of fluid storage containers and one or more fluid mixing containers, one or more pumps in fluid communication with the plurality of fluid storage containers and the one or more fluid mixing containers, and one or more flexible hoses fluidly coupled to the one or more pumps and placing the plurality of fluid storage containers in fluid communication with the one or more fluid mixing containers.

A fluid handling apparatus for ejecting fluid into a tank and draining fluid from the tank comprises: a fluid duct for draining/supplying fluid from/to the tank, the fluid duct configured for fluid communication with a tank opening at a tank bottom; a fluid inlet pipe for supplying fluid to the tank, the fluid inlet pipe extending at least partly through the fluid duct and configured to extend through the tank opening into the tank; a rotary fluid ejection device in fluid communication with the fluid inlet pipe; and a rotary drive shaft extending at least partly inside the fluid inlet pipe, the rotary drive shaft being rotatably connected to the rotary fluid ejection device. Also disclosed is a fluid tank system comprising a tank and a fluid handling apparatus, and a method for mixing beer or wort with solid hops material in a tank by a fluid handling apparatus.

A production device includes: at least one device for dissolving solid urea in demineralized water, including a tank for receiving the solid urea and the demineralized water and an outlet for recovering the aqueous solution of urea; a solid urea storage station; and a device for transporting the solid urea from the storage station to the dissolving device, the transporting device being arranged in order to pour solid urea into the tank of the dissolving device. The dissolving device includes at least one nozzle for injecting demineralized water into the solid urea, arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the tank in order to create water turbulence below the surface of the solid urea and to dissolve the solid urea in the demineralized water.

A device according to the invention for dispersing a gas into a liquid comprising a liquid volume and a nozzle which is immersed in the liquid volume below a liquid level. The nozzle has a conical annular gap at the tip of which a nozzle opening is provided, and a liquid feed line opening tangentially into the conical annular gap. A gas feed line for a gas to be dispersed into the liquid volume opens into the liquid feed line, into the annular gap or in the region of the nozzle opening. The nozzle causes a strong swirling movement in the liquid fed into the liquid volume, which allows good dispersion of the gas that has been introduced via the gas feed line.

A device according to the invention for dispersing a gas into a liquid comprising a liquid volume and a nozzle which is immersed in the liquid volume below a liquid level. The nozzle has a conical annular gap at the tip of which a nozzle opening is provided, and a liquid feed line opening tangentially into the conical annular gap. A gas feed line for a gas to be dispersed into the liquid volume opens into the liquid feed line, into the annular gap or in the region of the nozzle opening. The nozzle causes a strong swirling movement in the liquid fed into the liquid volume, which allows good dispersion of the gas that has been introduced via the gas feed line.

Disclosed herein are a method for producing a miniaturized liposome on a large production scale, and an apparatus for producing a liposome which is to be used in the above-mentioned method. Provided is a method for producing a liposome, including a step of stirring a mixture containing an oil phase in which at least one lipid is dissolved in an organic solvent and a water phase in a first tank of an apparatus having the first tank and a circulation path, in which the ratio of the capacity of the circulation path to the total capacity of the tank and the circulation path is 0.4 or less and/or the time required for the mixture to return to the first tank after being discharged therefrom is within 2.0 minutes.

Disclosed herein are a method for producing a miniaturized liposome on a large production scale, and an apparatus for producing a liposome which is to be used in the above-mentioned method. Provided is a method for producing a liposome, including a step of stirring a mixture containing an oil phase in which at least one lipid is dissolved in an organic solvent and a water phase in a first tank of an apparatus having the first tank and a circulation path, in which the ratio of the capacity of the circulation path to the total capacity of the tank and the circulation path is 0.4 or less and/or the time required for the mixture to return to the first tank after being discharged therefrom is within 2.0 minutes.