A mixing apparatus includes a first and a second feeding tube, a first and a second atomizing/refining dose control device, and a reaction chamber. The first and second feeding tubes are arranged in a multi-sleeves manner. The first and second atomizing/refining dose control devices are respectively disposed on terminal ends of the first and second feeding tubes. The reaction chamber accommodates the first and second feeding tubes and the first and second atomizing/refining dose control devices and has a liquid dose mixing wall. The first and second feeding tubes respectively receive a first and a second liquid dose. The first and second atomizing/refining dose control devices respectively atomize or refine the first and second liquid doses and spray the atomized or refined first and second liquid doses on a surface of the liquid dose mixing wall, so as to mix the first and second liquid doses.

Provided is a continuous stirred tank reactor for an aldol condensation reaction and an apparatus for an aldol condensation reaction including the same, which prevent a decrease in a conversion rate due to dead zone occurrence even in the case of an increase of an installation scale, have a high output, have a significantly increased reaction surface area during the reaction, suppress layer separation between an aqueous phase and an organic phase, and have a significantly decreased average particle diameter of organic layer particles dispersed in the aqueous phase and a significantly decreased deviation thereof. In addition, a content of the catalyst used per unit yield may be significantly decreased as compared with the conventional reactor and apparatus, and costs required for wastewater treatment may be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional reactor and apparatus.

A carbonized water dispensing device is provided with a carbonized water conditioning chamber, which conditioning chamber is provided downstream of the carbonator and upstream of the carbonized water dispensing outlet, for receiving a mixture of carbonized water mixed with unresolved CO.sub.2. The conditioning chamber is dimensioned to hold a single serve of carbonized water with a headspace, and which carbonized water conditioning chamber is provided with an outlet valve and a gas outlet. The carbonized water dispensing device is configured to, upon receiving a beverage dispensing order, provide the empty carbonized water conditioning chamber with a single serve volume of carbonized water, and hold the single serve of carbonized water prior to dispensing the single serve volume of carbonized water.

Disclosed are the optimal composition and size of DNA/polycation particles for efficient transfection of viral production cells in both adherent and suspension cultures. The size-dependent feature of DNA/polycation particle-mediated transfection for particles between 50 nm and 1000 nm also is disclosed. A new scalable method based on kinetic control of DNA/polycation nanoparticle assembly to prepare shelf-stable particles with defined sizes between 50 nm and 1000 nm also is disclosed. The presently disclosed DNA/polycation particles yield superior and reproducible transfection activity and shelf stability and can be used as an off-the-shelf product.

Disclosed are the optimal composition and size of DNA/polycation particles for efficient transfection of viral production cells in both adherent and suspension cultures. The size-dependent feature of DNA/polycation particle-mediated transfection for particles between 50 nm and 1000 nm also is disclosed. A new scalable method based on kinetic control of DNA/polycation nanoparticle assembly to prepare shelf-stable particles with defined sizes between 50 nm and 1000 nm also is disclosed. The presently disclosed DNA/polycation particles yield superior and reproducible transfection activity and shelf stability and can be used as an off-the-shelf product.

An apparatus for aftertreatment of exhaust gas including a housing having a longitudinal axis that extends between a first end and a second end of the housing; an exhaust inlet being positioned at a portion of the first end of the housing for entering exhaust gas flow into the interior of the housing; a first substrate being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the exhaust inlet, wherein the exhaust gas flow being configured to flow through the first substrate in direction of the longitudinal axis; mixer arrangement being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the first substrate and including: first flow guide arrangement configured to guide the exhaust gas flow to rotating and advancing gas flow in direction of a crosswise axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis; a reactant inlet for dispensing reactant to the rotating and advancing gas flow, the reactant configured to mix with the exhaust gas; and second flow guide arrangement configured to guide the rotating and advancing mixed gas flow in direction of the longitudinal axis as a mixed exhaust gas flow; and a second substrate being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the mixer arrangement, wherein the mixed exhaust gas flow being configured to flow through the second substrate in direction of the longitudinal axis.

The invention relates to a carbonized water dispensing device (1) provided with a carbonized water conditioning chamber (2), which conditioning chamber (2) is provided downstream of the carbonator (7) and upstream of the carbonized water dispensing outlet (5), for receiving a mixture of carbonized water mixed with unresolved CO2, which conditioning chamber (2) is dimensioned to hold a single serve of carbonized water with a headspace, and which carbonized water conditioning chamber (2) is provided with an outlet valve (17) and a gas outlet (18). According to the invention, the carbonized water dispensing device (1) is configured to, upon receiving a beverage dispensing order, provide the empty carbonized water conditioning chamber (2) with a single serve volume of carbonized water, and hold the single serve of carbonized water prior to dispensing the single serve volume of carbonized water.

A dispenser includes a dock configured to be fixed in place at a use device and a solid product holder configured to be removably secured to the dock. The dock has a first portion including a fixation element that is configured to fix the dock in place at the use device and a second portion including a receiving structure. The solid product holder includes a retaining structure, a base, and a support structure. The retaining structure is configured to removably secure the solid product holder to the receiving structure at the second portion of the dock. The base defines a plurality of apertures that form an open area at which the liquid is received at the solid product holder. The support structure extends from the base and defines an internal volume for holding the solid product at the solid product holder.

A minute bubble generator includes a flow path member including a flow path allowing a liquid to pass therethrough; and a colliding part provided in the flow path and generating minute bubbles in the liquid passing through the flow path by locally reducing a cross sectional area of the flow path. The colliding part is formed integrally with the flow path member and is provided closer to an upstream end or a downstream end relative to a lengthwise center of the flow path.

A dispensing device having a fitting housing with at least one first conduit for a carbonated liquid, a nozzle insert disposed in the at least one first conduit, wherein the nozzle insert has a guide channel with a first diameter, with which the carbonated liquid can be guided to a baffle wall of the nozzle insert so that the carbonated liquid can be vortexed by the baffle wall, an expansion space located downstream of the nozzle insert, wherein the expansion space has a second diameter which is greater than the first diameter of the guide channel, and an outlet opening disposed downstream of the expansion space and through which the vortexed carbonated liquid can exit the dispensing device.