An exemplary embodiment includes a blending chamber having a urea inlet, a blending chamber gas inlet, and a blending chamber outlet. A urea source provides a pressurized urea solution to the urea inlet at a urea injection pressure, and a pressurized gas source transmits pressurized gas to the blending chamber gas inlet via a passageway. The passageway is configured to decrease pressure of the pressurized gas transmitted along its length from a first pressure of gas received from the pressurized gas source to a second pressure of gas provided to the blending chamber gas inlet. The first pressure of gas received from the pressurized gas source is greater than the urea injection pressure and the second pressure of gas provided to the blending chamber gas inlet is less than the urea injection pressure.

A mixer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a mixer housing (40) with an inflow opening central axis (LE) and with an outflow opening (38). A first flow duct (48) following the inflow opening (24) in the mixer housing (40) and a second flow duct (50) lead parallel to one another to a third flow duct (54) and open into same. The third flow duct (54) leads to the outflow opening (38). The first flow duct (48) and the second flow duct (50) are provided between an outer wall (16) of the mixer housing (40) and a flow divider wall (36) enclosed by the outer wall (16), and the third flow duct (54) is enclosed by the flow divider wall (36).

A vortexing chamber, including: a chamber housing having a hollow channel, a first end and a second end; and one or more structural impediment objects having a substantially spherical, cubic, rectangular, cylindrical, polyhedron, tetrahedron, or irregular shape; where the objects are housed within the hollow channel, configured to mix a liquid and gas (for example, oxygen or nitrogen) when a liquid and gas pass through the vortexing chamber. The structural impediment objects can provide turbulence and dispersion when a liquid and gas are passed through the vortexing chamber at a high velocity, resulting in micro-bubbles or nano-bubbles suspended in a liquid and gas mixture.

An inline static mixer includes an outer tube and an inner tube positioned inside the outer tube and arranged coaxially with respect to the outer tube with a space between the inner and outer tubes. The inner tube is operable to receive and convey a hydrocarbon stream and the outer tube is operable to receive and convey a diluent stream. At least one baffle extends from the inner tube toward the outer tube and through at least a portion of the space that is operable to generate a twisted diluent flow from the diluent stream. The twisted diluent flow and the hydrocarbon stream are mixed downstream of an outlet of the inner tube with the twisted diluent flow forming a boundary layer along an internal surface of the outer tube to minimize fouling from liquid or liquid droplets of the hydrocarbon stream after mixing.

A vehicle exhaust system includes a mixer assembly for a vehicle exhaust system. The mixer assembly includes a mixer housing that defines an internal cavity and which includes at least one injection opening. A manifold is positioned within the internal cavity at the injection opening. A primary injector is configured to inject fluid through the injection opening and into the internal cavity, and at least one secondary injector, which is separate from the primary injector, is configured to inject fluid into the internal cavity when operating temperatures fall below a predetermined level.

A polymer dispersion system for use in a hydraulic fracturing operation is disclosed. The system comprises (a) a tank assembly comprising an ingress, an egress, and an interior volume for collecting mother solution; (b) a first transfer pump coupled with the egress of the tank assembly: and (c) a second transfer pump coupled with the egress of the tank assembly. The first transfer pump is configured for coupling to a missile unit and a blender unit downstream thereof, but in fluid communication with only one of such units at any given time when coupled. A method of operating said polymer dispersion system is also disclosed.

The present device is a gas-liquid mixing device having a venturi structure A in which a throttle portion and a conical portion are provided in a main passage through which a liquid passes, including: a gas mixing passage for taking in gas from a tangential direction with respect to the main passage having a circular cross section; and a protruding portion provided on a downstream side of the gas mixing passage of an inner wall forming the main passage and extending in a central axis direction of the main passage. It is preferable that the protruding portion is provided on an inner wall forming the conical portion, and is formed such that a protruding height from the inner wall increases toward the downstream side.

The diffusing member of the present invention is disposed in an exhaust pipe to partially block exhaust gas flowing in from upstream of the exhaust pipe, the diffusing member including a ceramic member and a metal member, wherein the ceramic member surrounds the metal member in such a manner that the metal member is partially exposed, and the volume of the ceramic member constituting the diffusing member is larger than the volume of the metal member constituting the diffusing member.

A cavitation apparatus capable of performing multiple, different-type cavitation processes taking place simultaneously in the same geometric space, thereby obtaining an effective cavitation process that is significantly faster than those provided by conventional cavitation apparatus. The cavitation apparatus can include consecutive and/or simultaneous cavitation units which are configured to carry out consecutive and/or simultaneous cavitation processes on a material flowing through the apparatus, such that effects of one or more prior cavitation processes are present in the material while the material is subjected to one or more further cavitation processes within the apparatus, enhancing the cavitation effects in a reduced amount of time and increasing productivity of the apparatus. In some embodiments, the apparatus can perform seven cavitation processes, of four different types.

An apparatus and a method for manufacturing instantly emulsified cosmetics is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a housing; a pump in the housing for discharging an instantly emulsified emulsion outside of the housing; a first container in the housing for storing an internal fluid; a second container in the housing for storing a functional fluid including a functional raw material; a third container in the housing for storing an external fluid; a channel part in the housing for receiving the external fluid, the internal fluid and the functional fluid generate an emulsion; and a tube provides the pump with the emulsion generated in the channel part, wherein the channel part includes: a first channel for mixing the internal fluid and the functional fluid to generate a mixed fluid; and a second channel for mixing the mixed fluid provided from the first channel and the external fluid to generate an emulsion.