A kneading state determination system includes a kneading unit and a determination unit. The kneading unit kneads a kneading material, and transmits a kneading state value indicating a kneading state to the determination unit. Based on the kneading state value transmitted from the kneading unit, the determination unit determines kneading of the kneading material in the kneading unit in accordance with a preset determination condition. The determination condition includes a determination period and a state value range. The state value range is set as a range for the kneading state value. The determination period is a partial period of a period from start to completion of the kneading in the kneading unit.

A mixing device for operating biological, chemical or biochemical materials used in an assay includes a mixing member formed with a plurality of chambers, each having a sealable port provided along an edge of the mixing member. The mixing device also includes one or more compartments that are movable along the edge of the mixing member between selected ones of the sealed chambers. This compartment is operable to receive materials from and transfer materials between the chambers. Selected ones of the chambers include associated processing elements, for example, including heating and cooling elements, magnetic elements, membranes and lateral flow devices. The mixing device is also pivotable, for example, to facilitate the application of gravity force in the transfer of materials between the chambers and one or more compartments. The mixing device may operate manually by hand-held unit. Also, this mixing device may operate automatically with at least one driving unit.

A reaction apparatus includes first and second reaction material accommodation parts, each of which accommodates a solid, gaseous, or liquid reaction material. A feed pump feeds the reaction material to one or each of the first and second accommodation parts. A reactor mixes the reaction material fed from the feed pump. The reactor is configured to have a cylinder that has a reaction chamber which accommodates the reaction material therein. The reactor has injection ports on which one side of each of the upper portion and lower portion thereof are connected to the first and second reaction material accommodation parts, respectively. A stirring shaft is disposed to be rotatable in the cylinder and stirs the reaction material supplied from the first and second reaction material accommodation parts. A stirring motor provides torque for the stirring shaft.

The invention refers to a mixing and foaming device (300) for mixing a powder food or beverage product with a fluid and further foaming said mixture, the device (300) comprising a mixing, pumping and foaming unit (102), an air entry (30) and a fluid inlet (21); the mixing, pumping and foaming unit (102) comprising a pumping element (110) whose rotation allows both powder and fluid to enter a foaming chamber (121) of the mixing, pumping and foaming unit (102), where a foaming element (120) rotates relatively within the foaming chamber (121), subjecting the mixture of fluid, powder and optionally air to a certain level of shear stress which allows this mixture to mix and/or to foam. The invention further refers to a method for providing foam from a food or beverage product powder using such a device (300).

Fluid refining systems and methods are disclosed. A fluid refining apparatus may include an enclosed housing containing a plurality of upper cylinders and a plurality of lower cylinders. The enclosed housing may include at least one outlet port, and an inner chamber. The plurality of upper and lower cylinders may be positioned in interlaced relationship to each other, and may be adapted for rotation relative to each other. The plurality of upper cylinders may have gradually increasing diameters extending from an inner upper cylinder to an outer upper cylinder. The plurality of lower cylinders may have gradually increasing diameters extending from an inner lower cylinder to an outer lower cylinder. Each of the cylinders may be spaced apart from its adjacent cylinder(s) and include at least one fluid aperture.

Fluid refining systems and methods are disclosed. A fluid refining apparatus may include an enclosed housing containing a plurality of upper cylinders and a plurality of lower cylinders. The enclosed housing may include at least one outlet port, and an inner chamber. The plurality of upper and lower cylinders may be positioned in interlaced relationship to each other, and may be adapted for rotation relative to each other. The plurality of upper cylinders may have gradually increasing diameters extending from an inner upper cylinder to an outer upper cylinder. The plurality of lower cylinders may have gradually increasing diameters extending from an inner lower cylinder to an outer lower cylinder. Each of the cylinders may be spaced apart from its adjacent cylinder(s) and include at least one fluid aperture.

A seed treater having upper and lower ends includes a mixing bowl. The mixing bowl includes a stator having an annular upper inner surface defining an upper portion of the open interior of the mixing bowl, and a rotor defining a lower portion of the open interior of the mixing bowl. An air duct is fluidly connected to the mixing bowl and is configured to be fluidly connected to an air mover. The air duct includes a duct outlet configured to direct forced air from the air mover into the upper portion of the open interior defined by the upper stator to direct the seeds flowing in the upper portion of the interior of the mixing bowl inward toward a generally vertical axis of the mixing bowl as the lower rotor rotates relative to the upper stator.

A seed treater having upper and lower ends includes a mixing bowl. The mixing bowl includes a stator having an annular upper inner surface defining an upper portion of the open interior of the mixing bowl, and a rotor defining a lower portion of the open interior of the mixing bowl. An air duct is fluidly connected to the mixing bowl and is configured to be fluidly connected to an air mover. The air duct includes a duct outlet configured to direct forced air from the air mover into the upper portion of the open interior defined by the upper stator to direct the seeds flowing in the upper portion of the interior of the mixing bowl inward toward a generally vertical axis of the mixing bowl as the lower rotor rotates relative to the upper stator.

What is proposed is an emulsifying system with an emulsifying device and an injection nozzle as well as an emulsifying device for producing a water-fuel emulsion for an internal combustion engine, wherein the emulsifying device is embodied as a rotor-stator emulsifying device and/or fluid flow machine and/or is connected or connectable directly to an injection nozzle. The emulsifying device has a housing and a shaft, the shaft being drivable in a contactless manner, the housing having a guide apparatus having a plurality of guide channels for guiding the flow, and/or the housing being made at least partially from fiber composite material. Moreover, an emulsifying method for producing a water-fuel emulsion is proposed in which water and fuel are fed to a rotor-stator emulsifying device and/or fluid flow machine for producing the water-fuel emulsion, and/or in which water and fuel are premixed in a first emulsifying stage and fed via a guide apparatus having a plurality of guide channels to a second emulsifying stage.

A device for mixing at least two fluid to pasty substances has a housing (2) with at least two openings (5, 6) for feeding the substances and with a discharge opening (8), a mixing element (3) which can rotate in the housing (2), which mixing element (3) can be displaced in the direction (17) of its axis (7) in relation to the housing (2) in order to adjust the size of a gap (18) between a conically tapering part (14) of the mixing element (3) and a likewise tapering region (15) of the housing (2) in order to adjust the shear rate in the region of the gap (18). The mixing element (3) has a region (9) in which annular ribs (11) are provided which project from the mixing element (3) and which engage between adjacent annular ribs (12) which project from the inner surface (10) of the housing (2).