An apparatus for treating water in a reservoir includes a funnel. A support assembly supports the funnel in a lengthwise upright orientation when the funnel is submerged. A water moving arrangement is arranged to move water through the funnel in a direction from an inlet at an upper end of the funnel towards an outlet at lower end of the funnel.

A dispenser system for delivering various combinations of dispersants to a body of water with the various combinations of dispersants supplied to the body of water through the interchanging of dispensing cartridges which are attachable to a main dispensing cartridge where a condition for interchanging of dispensing cartridges may be triggered by an event.

A two-part dispensing device for a pool having a dispensing saddle with a static port therein for continual delivery of a first dispersant and a hold for floatingly supporting itself and an exchangeable dispensing pod therein with the dispensing pod having a dynamic port and a static port for a continual delivery of a dispersant wherein the static port delivery of a dispersant maintains the pool at a safe level when there is no human bather load on the pool and the condition of the disperant in the dispensing pod can be determined by the orientation of the dispensing saddle and the dispensing pod in the pool.

A multi-stage floatation dispenser for carrying a ballast, which may be a non-water consumable dispersant and at least one water consumable dispersant wherein the weight of the water consumable dispersant decreases as the water consumable dispersant is consumed with the weight of water consumable dispersant and the non-water consumable coordinated with the flotation capacity of a flotation dispenser to provide for either a two stage or a three stage dispensing mode.

Method and apparatus for treating potable water in municipal and similar tanks to reduce and remove undesirable disinfectant byproducts such as trihalomethanes from the water by providing a water circulation system to create circulation patterns in the tank water and an air flow system for creating an air flow pattern in the headspace region of the enclosed tank above the water surface. In operation, a portion of the tank water is drawn-up a draft tube from the tank floor to above the water surface and sprayed through a nozzle outwardly about a vertical axis and slightly downwardly toward the surface of remaining tank water. The air flow system creates and directs a high volume of air through the tank above the water surface to volatize undesirable trihalomethanes in the drawn-up water portion to gaseous state to enter the air flow pattern and exit the tank into ambient air.

A floating dispenser having an external float or an internal float for supporting a cartridge or cartridges for floatingly delivering a dispersant or dispersants to a body of water with the floating dispenser having cartridges rotationally positionable with respect to one another to control the rate of dispensing while the dispenser floats in an upright condition with the floating dispenser changing its flotation orientation in response to consumption of the dispersant or dispersants in the cartridge or cartridges to thereby provide a visual alert to replace a spent cartridge with a fresh cartridge. In addition, the inventions described herein permit changing the dispensing nature of the system from a multiple dispensing system to a single dispensing system without changing the floating characteristics of the floating dispensers through replacement of a dispersant in one of the cartridges with an inert or ballast material that has no effect on the water characteristics.

An aerating system for treating a waste lagoon or some type of wastewater that captures and recirculates air that has been previously pumped into the lagoon via a skirt. The system also utilizes an oxygen source to pump oxygen into the waste lagoon or wastewater that can also be recirculated. A manifold of the system is designed to have intakes for both the recirculated air and for the oxygen source.

Equipment for massive dissolution of gases in liquids via the formation of thin liquid films and the exchange of gases with said films. The equipment provides movement of liquids over great distances via the upward movement of bubbles therein. The equipment can alter the direction of the flow of water, said aspect being useful for the recovery of liquid bodies. In addition to providing a high rate of dissolution of gases in liquids, the equipment is very energy-efficient and has a very large volumetric capacity, thereby being useful for the preservation and/or recovery of liquid bodies, being able, in certain applications, to operate in an energy-autonomous manner. The equipment can be used in situations where energy-efficient dissolution of gases in liquids is desired, such as the preservation and/or recovery of liquid bodies; processes for preserving and/or improving the productivity of aquaculture systems; wastewater treatment systems; and the fixation of gases.

A fluid gasification, pumping and mixing equipment, for fluids contained in open or closed bodies, which allows to control the bubble size and the proportion of mixed gases, of a gas flow to be diffused into the fluid, which functions to generate a gas suction flow that allows active filling of cavitation zones created by the radial movement of a cavitation propeller, which can be used to suction at different depths without losing suction force or generate higher energy consumption.

In one embodiment, hydrodynamic cavitation lyses influent bacteria, releasing intracellular enzymes, and creates CaCO.sub.3 seed crystals that are discharged at the base of the water column. Bottom-dwelling upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-like granules grow in a dense, viscous N, P & Ca++ rich fluid (hydrolytic brine). The brine hydrolyzes ancient sludge and fresh solids into simple liquids. The granules convert hydrolyzed liquids into gas. New CaCO.sub.3 seeds grow at the produced gas/supernatant interface and propagate across the entire lagoon. Once the sludge inventory is digested, there is an excess of granules that modulate their gross productivity in response to substrate load, pH, and temperature. In one specific example, the treated lagoon has no odor, is free of gelled sludge and effluent