An apparatus for mixing a liquid or pasty product. The apparatus comprises a first housing part (11) and a second housing part (12) assembled together. The assembly of the first housing part (11) and the second housing (12) part forms•—a housing inner space (17) between an inlet (4) and an outlet (5), •—a cooling jacket (7) for circulation of a coolant fluid around the housing inner space (17), and•—a buffer jacket (9) for circulation of a clean fluid, the buffer jacket (9) being formed between the cooling jacket (7) and the housing inner space (17). The buffer jacket protects the mixed product from contamination by the coolant fluid. It also facilitates detection of leakage between the housing inner space and the buffer jacket. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.

An apparatus for mixing a liquid or pasty product. The apparatus comprises a first housing part (11) and a second housing part (12) assembled together. The assembly of the first housing part (11) and the second housing (12) part forms•—a housing inner space (17) between an inlet (4) and an outlet (5), •—a cooling jacket (7) for circulation of a coolant fluid around the housing inner space (17), and•—a buffer jacket (9) for circulation of a clean fluid, the buffer jacket (9) being formed between the cooling jacket (7) and the housing inner space (17). The buffer jacket protects the mixed product from contamination by the coolant fluid. It also facilitates detection of leakage between the housing inner space and the buffer jacket. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.

An aerosol-generating system is provided, including: an aerosol-forming substrate; and a venturi element including an airflow channel, the airflow channel including an inlet portion, a central portion, and an outlet portion, and the inlet portion is configured to converge towards the central portion with an inlet angle of between 1° and 19°, and the outlet portion is configured to diverge from the central portion.

An aerosol-generating system is provided, including: an aerosol-forming substrate; and a venturi element including an airflow channel, the airflow channel including an inlet portion, a central portion, and an outlet portion, and the inlet portion is configured to converge towards the central portion with an inlet angle of between 1° and 19°, and the outlet portion is configured to diverge from the central portion.

A method of manufacturing a coffee grounds powder includes: an inputting process in which coffee grounds are input into a mixing portion of a caffeine reduction apparatus; a water inputting process in which an inlet and outlet pipe is opened and water is filled inside the main housing such that the coffee grounds input into the mixing portion are submerged; an ultraviolet ray emitting process in which ultraviolet rays are emitted to the water and an inside of the mixing portion; an elution water discharging process in which an elution water in which caffeine is decomposed is discharged to an outside from the main housing; a drying process in which the coffee grounds that remain in the mixing portion are dried by rotating the mixing portion; and a mixing process in which the coffee grounds in which drying is finished are mixed with a viscous additive.

A method of manufacturing a coffee grounds powder includes: an inputting process in which coffee grounds are input into a mixing portion of a caffeine reduction apparatus; a water inputting process in which an inlet and outlet pipe is opened and water is filled inside the main housing such that the coffee grounds input into the mixing portion are submerged; an ultraviolet ray emitting process in which ultraviolet rays are emitted to the water and an inside of the mixing portion; an elution water discharging process in which an elution water in which caffeine is decomposed is discharged to an outside from the main housing; a drying process in which the coffee grounds that remain in the mixing portion are dried by rotating the mixing portion; and a mixing process in which the coffee grounds in which drying is finished are mixed with a viscous additive.

The present disclosure relates to a microfluidic device including a microfluidic substrate and dry reagent-containing particles. The microfluidic substrate includes an ingress microfluidic channel that fluidly feeds an egress microfluidic channel through a microfluidic-retaining region that includes a microfluidic discontinuity feature, a particle-retaining chemical coating, or a combination thereof. The dry reagent-containing particles include a reagent that is releasable from the dry reagent-containing particles when exposed to a release fluid. The dry reagent-containing particles are retained within the microfluidic substrate at the microfluidic discontinuity feature or particle-retaining chemical coating in position to release the reagent into the egress microfluidic channel upon flow of release fluid from the ingress microfluidic channel through the microfluidic-retaining region.

A rotor-stator cooling system addresses the problem of heat generation and viscosity in feedstock mixers by utilizing a cooling dome which receives recirculating cooling water. The dome is attached above a rotor-stator mixer assembly having rotor and stator elements. Cooling water provides for temperature control to feedstock being drawn into the dome, as well as the feedstock circulating within the mixing tank containing the balance of the feedstock outside the dome. The rotor-stator assembly is cooled as well. In order to increase the feedstock viscosity range in the dome, an auger within a tubular member is added to the drive shaft above the rotor-stator assembly. This enables the velocity of slow-moving feedstock to increase, forcing it into the rotor-stator assembly located below. The feedstock is then further accelerated by the rotor element and forced through the stator element.

A rotor-stator cooling system addresses the problem of heat generation and viscosity in feedstock mixers by utilizing a cooling dome which receives recirculating cooling water. The dome is attached above a rotor-stator mixer assembly having rotor and stator elements. Cooling water provides for temperature control to feedstock being drawn into the dome, as well as the feedstock circulating within the mixing tank containing the balance of the feedstock outside the dome. The rotor-stator assembly is cooled as well. In order to increase the feedstock viscosity range in the dome, an auger within a tubular member is added to the drive shaft above the rotor-stator assembly. This enables the velocity of slow-moving feedstock to increase, forcing it into the rotor-stator assembly located below. The feedstock is then further accelerated by the rotor element and forced through the stator element.

A cavitation mixing apparatus is provided for performing separations from solid material using subcritical liquid CO.sub.2. A cavitation inducing device inside a cavitation mixing vessel is held in place with a cavitation mixer mount comprising at least one fluid channel for equalizing gaseous pressure of CO.sub.2 around the cavitation inducing device. Also described is method of separating oils from a crude plant oil mixture by injecting crude plant oil into a pressurized mixing vessel comprising liquid carbon dioxide and mixing the crude oil with the liquid carbon dioxide under pressure using powered induced cavitation, the cavitation mixing vessel comprising an encapsulated cavitation inducing device.