The invention relates to a reactor (1) for a chemical reaction, comprising a housing (10) and a reaction chamber (3), a nozzle member (30) with an inlet (32) for letting at least one reactant flow into the reaction chamber (3), wherein the nozzle member (30) is mounted in a movable manner relative to the housing (10), a sensor device (80) by means of which at least one measuring quantity can be detected during the chemical reaction, and an adjusting device (50) by means of which at least one mounting parameter influencing the movement of the nozzle member (30) can be adjusted, a control unit (70) configured for receiving from the sensor device (80) a measurement signal of the sensor device (80) based on the measuring quantity and generating a control signal for the adjusting device (50) depending on the measurement signal. The invention further relates to a method for controlling the chemical reaction.

A process for performing a continuous gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction, wherein a gas and a liquid are introduced into a backmixed zone of a reactor and in the backmixed zone the gas is dispersed in the liquid by stirring, injection of gas and/or a liquid jet, a reaction mixture consecutively traverses the backmixed zone and a zone of limited backmixing, and a liquid reaction product is withdrawn at a reaction product outlet of the zone of limited backmixing, wherein the reactor comprises: an interior formed by a cylindrical vertically oriented elongate shell, a bottom and a cap, wherein the interior is divided by means of internals into the backmixed zone, the zone of limited backmixing and a cavity, a first cylindrical internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and which delimits the zone of limited backmixing from the backmixed zone, backmixing-preventing second internal elements in the form of random packings, structured packings or liquid-permeable trays arranged in the zone of limited backmixing and a third internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and is open at the bottom, wherein the third internal element forms the cavity in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume. The reaction volume of the reactor used in the process can be reversibly reduced in simple fashion. The invention further relates to a process for adapting the reaction volume of a reactor suitable for performing a gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction having an outlet for a liquid reaction product in which an internal element is arranged so as to form a cavity open at the bottom in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume.

The invention relates to a chemical synthesis method, the said method comprising “Spray Flash Evaporation”, also commonly referred to by the corresponding initialism SFE, which comprises the chemical reaction of at least one first compound with at least one second compound, under conditions in which the first compound and the second compound react to form at least one third compound.

The invention also relates to a device for implementing this method and the compounds obtained by this method.

A fluidized bed reactor includes: a reactor body; a dispersion plate mounted within the reactor body to partition the inside of the reactor body in a traverse direction and having a plurality of holes through which a reaction gas passes; a nozzle unit mounted on one surface of the dispersion plate to receive an inert gas from outside the reactor and inject the inert gas so as to crush deposits on the dispersion plate; a sensing unit configured to sense the deposits on the dispersion plate; and a control unit configured to control operation of the nozzle unit according to information sensed in the sensing unit.

Provided are a method and an apparatus for producing 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane that are unlikely to lose 3,4-dichloro-1-butene as the material or 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane as the product and can be stably and economically produce 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane. A reaction liquid (1) containing 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is placed in a reaction container (11), then chlorine gas is supplied to a gas phase (2) in the reaction container (11), and the 3,4-dichloro-1-butene is reacted with the chlorine gas to give 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane.

A carbonator reactor includes a cylindrical body, a nozzle for supplying a gas stream, inside the carbonator reactor and above the surface of a liquid phase and where the nozzle is located at the top of the reactor body, an inlet, an outlet, means for regulating the temperature and the pressure, a stirring system and at least one baffle regulating the stirring of the liquid phase and the mass transfer of the gas into the liquid surface, at least one impeller having inclined blades that make an angle from 5° to 60° with respect to the vertical axis. The reactor prepares sodium carbonate and has a configuration for the mass transfer of a gas phase in a liquid phase. A method for the preparation of sodium carbonate by means of the carbonator reactor by capturing CO.sub.2 in an NaOH aqueous solution, directly on the free surface of the liquid phase.

A reactor (1) for hydrolysis of uranium hexafluoride comprises a tubular injector (9) comprising first (11), second (13) and third (15) concentric fluid circulation ducts intended to be connected respectively with a source of UF.sub.6, a source of inert gas and a source of water vapor. The tubular injector (9) is obtained by additive manufacturing.

The present invention relates to a method for operating a fluidized bed apparatus and to a fluidized bed apparatus, the method comprising the following steps: providing particulate metal to a reaction chamber of a fluidized bed reactor, providing an oxidizing agent to a fluidizing bottom of the fluidized bed reactor such that particulate matter comprising the particulate metal is fluidized, wherein the particulate metal reacts with the oxidizing agent to particulate metal oxide, withdrawing particulate metal oxide from the reaction chamber, storing the withdrawn particulate metal oxide, providing particulate metal oxide to the reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor, providing a reducing agent containing gas to the fluidizing bottom of the fluidized bed reactor such that particulate matter comprising the particulate metal oxide is fluidized, wherein the particulate metal oxide reacts with the reducing agent to particulate metal, withdrawing the particulate metal from the reaction chamber, storing the withdrawn particulate metal.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are destroyed by oxidation in supercritical conditions. PFAS in water can be concentrated and prepared for destruction in a pretreatment phase. Following annihilation of the PFAS in supercritical conditions to levels below 5 parts per trillion (ppt), the water effluent can be used to recover heat, returned to sub-critical conditions, and then released back into the environment.

A valve assembly wherein the inner wall of the valve body comprises at least one opening for the entry of a liquid under pressure following output of a slurry or liquid from a tube or pipe. The valve assembly is particularly useful in maintaining a semi-continuous or continuous pressurized flow of biomass from an extruder and extending the reaction zone downstream from the extruder. An advantage of having an extended reaction zone allows for a complete treatment of materials without further wear on the extruder and also allows manipulation of the upstream treatment of materials in the tube or pipe.