A shell-and-tube equipment has a cylindrical geometry and is arranged along a vertical axis. The shell-and-tube equipment comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber connected to a common tube bundle on opposite sides. The upper chamber is provided with at least an inlet nozzle for inletting a first fluid. The tube bundle is surrounded by a shell provided with nozzles for inletting and outletting a second fluid which exchanges heat with the first fluid through the tube bundle. The upper chamber encloses at least a distribution device configured for uniformly delivering the first fluid towards the tube bundle. The distribution device comprises an annular channel which is arranged around the vertical axis and is in fluid communication with the inlet nozzle. The distribution device comprises a plurality of channel modules of circular trapezoid shape, tightly joined together at their respective vertical edges for forming the annular channel.

A reactor (12, 128, 198) and method for the conversion of hydrocarbon gases utilizes a reactor (12, 128, 198) having a unique feed assembly (58, 136, 200) with an original vortex disk-like inlet flow spaces (72, 74, 76, 80, 146, 148, 150, 152, 208, 216, 218), a converging-diverging vortex mixing chamber (116), and a cylindrical reactor chamber (40). This design creates a small combustion zone and an inwardly swirling fluid flow pattern of the feed gases that passes through a converging conduit (48) with a constricted neck portion (54). This provides conditions suitable for efficient cracking of hydrocarbons, such as ethane, to form olefins.

The present disclosure generally relates to method and apparatus for preventing coke formation in reactor vapor feed nozzle of a fractionator column of a fluid catalytic cracking unit. One or more baffles are positioned within the fractionator column to prevent effluent vapor that is directed by the reactor vapor feed nozzle into the feed zone from flowing back into the reactor vapor feed nozzle. The reactor vapor feed nozzle itself, or an internal nozzle coupled to the reactor vapor feed nozzle, may extend at least partially into the feed zone to similarly act as a baffle.

A pyrolysis reactor (12) and method for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases (e.g., methane) utilizes a pyrolysis reactor (12) having a unique burner assembly (44) and pyrolysis feed assembly (56) that creates an inwardly spiraling fluid flow pattern of the feed gases to form a swirling gas mixture that passes through a burner conduit (46) with a constricted neck portion or nozzle (52). At least a portion of the swirling gas mixture forms a thin, annular mixed gas flow layer immediately adjacent to the burner conduit (46). A portion of the swirling gas mixture is combusted as the swirling gas mixture passes through the burner conduit (46) and a portion of combustion products circulates in the burner assembly (44). This provides conditions suitable for pyrolysis of hydrocarbons or light alkane gas, such as methane or natural gas.

A fluid dispersing device includes a tubular first wall portion with an axis extending in a first direction defined as a central axis, and a second wall portion separated downward from the first wall portion. The second wall portion includes at least one circular member and a disk-like member each having a flat surface for causing a fluid passing through an inner space of the first wall portion to collide therewith. The disk-like member is separated downward from the at least one circular member. The at least one circular member has an outer diameter equal to or smaller than an inner diameter of the first wall portion. The disk-like member has an outer diameter equal to or smaller than an outer diameter of the closest circular member.

A chute type monomer dispenser is provided in the present disclosure. The chute type monomer dispenser includes a chute dispenser installed to be slanted in a direction of a polymerization apparatus, the chute dispenser is configured to inject a monomer to the polymerization apparatus through an injection pipe having an injection portion having an opening at an upper portion of the chute dispenser; and an injector configured to inject an initiator and a foaming agent to the injection portion.

This disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for the delivery of a multi-component olefin polymerization catalyst to a polymerization reactor. The apparatus includes: a first catalyst component delivery conduit; a second catalyst component delivery conduit which is disposed within the first catalyst component delivery conduit; a first catalyst component mixing conduit; a third catalyst component delivery conduit which is disposed within the first catalyst component mixing conduit; a second catalyst component mixing conduit comprising an upstream section and a downstream section, the downstream section terminating within the polymerization reactor; and a diluent delivery conduit; the first and second catalyst component delivery conduits each being open-ended and co-terminating at the first catalyst component mixing conduit; the first catalyst component mixing conduit and the third catalyst component delivery conduit each being open-ended and co-terminating at the upstream section of the second catalyst component mixing conduit; and the diluent delivery conduit terminating at the downstream section of the second catalyst component mixing conduit.

In one embodiment, a reactor includes a reactor body and a reactor head. The reactor head has a reactor head body and one or more inlets disposed tangentially to the reactor head body. In one embodiment, a polymerization process for forming polymer includes introducing in a first direction a stream including a monomer. The stream and a catalyst system are flowed in a second direction through at least one internal heat exchanger. The second direction is substantially orthogonal to the first direction. The reaction zone includes at least one internal heat exchanger. At least a portion of the monomer of the stream is polymerized in the reaction zone to produce a polymer product. The polymer product is recovered from the reaction zone.

A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product.

Systems and methods for hydrodearylation of a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising non-condensed alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic hydrocarbons, the method including supplying a hydrogen feed to the hydrocarbon feed stream comprising non-condensed alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic hydrocarbons; mixing the hydrogen feed with the hydrocarbon feed stream to saturate the hydrocarbon feed stream with hydrogen gas to create a hydrogen-enriched liquid hydrocarbon stream; passing the hydrogen-enriched liquid hydrocarbon stream to a hydrodearylation reactor without a separate gaseous phase of hydrogen; allowing the hydrogen-enriched liquid hydrocarbon stream to react in presence of a catalyst under specific reaction conditions to produce a product stream comprising a reduced concentration of di-aromatic compounds and an increased concentration of mono-aromatic compounds compared to the hydrocarbon feed stream comprising non-condensed alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic hydrocarbons; and recovering, from the hydrodearylation reactor, a product stream for a downstream process, wherein the non-condensed alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic hydrocarbons include at least two benzene rings connected by an alkyl bridge group having at least two carbons, wherein the benzene rings are connected to different carbons of the alkyl bridge group.