The present disclosure provides a catalyst feeder for a polymerization process that uses a solid catalyst. A catalyst feeder includes a housing, a plug disposed radially inside the housing and rotatable relative to the housing, and an end plate coupled to the housing. If the plug is in a first rotational position, each one of a first plurality of magnets coupled, to an axial end of the plug is axially aligned with one of a. second plurality of magnets coupled to a surface of the end plate facing towards the axial end of the plug, thereby moving the plug towards a first seated position in relation to the housing. If the plug is in a second rotational position, the plurality of first magnets and the plurality of second magnets are axially offset from each other, thereby moving the plug towards an unseated position in relation to the housing.

Disclosed is a solution polymerization process, or, alternatively, a method of delivering powder catalysts to a solution polymerization reactor, comprising combining a homogeneous single-site catalyst precursor with -olefin monomers to form a polyolefin, wherein the homogeneous single-site catalyst precursor is in the form of (i) a dry powder, (ii) suspended in a aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, or (iii) suspended in an oil or wax, wherein the homogeneous single-site catalyst precursor is at a concentration greater than 0.8 mmole/liter when suspended in the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent prior to entering the solution polymerization reactor.

Manufacturing apparatus, systems and method of making silicon (Si) nanowires on carbon based powders, such as graphite, that may be used as anodes in lithium ion batteries are provided. In some embodiments, an inventive tumbler reactor and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system and method for growing silicon nanowires on carbon based powders in scaled up quantities to provide production scale anodes for the battery industry are described.

Manufacturing apparatus, systems and method of making silicon (Si) nanowires on carbon based powders, such as graphite, that may be used as anodes in lithium ion batteries are provided. In some embodiments, an inventive tumbler reactor and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system and method for growing silicon nanowires on carbon based powders in scaled up quantities to provide production scale anodes for the battery industry are described.

A reactor system, has reactor arrangements, each reactor arrangement including: a first fluid end, a second fluid end, and inner and outer flow elements. The inner flow element has an inner wall defining an inner flow path within the inner wall, the inner flow path being fluidly connected to the first inner end. The outer flow element includes an outer wall defining an outer flow path between the outer wall and the inner wall, the outer flow path being fluidly connected to the first outer end. The reactor arrangements are arranged in series, wherein the fluid outlet of a first reactor arrangement is arranged upstream of the fluid inlet of a second reactor arrangement.

A system for removing particle agglomerates from a particulate product stream. The system including a product stream inlet configured for receiving the particulate product stream, a diverter system configured for permitting a particulate product having a size less than or equal to a desired size to pass through the diverter system, a carrying fluid source connected to the diverter system configured to feed a carrying fluid into the diverter system to carry the particle agglomerate out of the diverter system during a discharge operation, a collector vessel connected to the diverter system, the collector vessel configured for receiving the particle agglomerate carried out by the carrying fluid from the diverter system during the discharge operation, and a particulate product outlet connected to the diverter system, the particulate product outlet configured for conveying the particulate product to a downstream process.

A gravity-fed treatment apparatus for the dispersion of an additive into a flow of granulated matter includes a vertical treatment chamber comprising a top inlet, a bottom outlet, and at least one wall disposed between the top and bottom defining an interior therebetween. The chamber further includes a feed port through the at least one wall and a plurality of vortex baffles, each extending angularly away from the wall into the interior at a respective angle. Each vortex baffle includes a flat portion and a flaring portion where the flaring portion curves away from a plane encompassing a surface of the flat portion. A portion of the flow of granulated matter spirals around an axis passing through the top and bottom of the chamber due to gravity and the shape of the vortex baffles.

The disclosure concerns a reactor and a process for the hydrothermal treatment of an aqueous mixture, such as watery biomass. The reactor has an inlet for receiving the aqueous mixture, a tube-shaped reactor interior, which is inclined at an angle in the range of 1-45; a first zone in the reactor interior with means for heating the aqueous mixture; a second zone in the reactor interior for keeping the aqueous mixture at the predetermined temperature; a third zone in the reactor interior for cooling the aqueous mixture; an outlet for discharging a hydrothermally treated aqueous mixture, and an outlet for discharging gas. The inlet and outlet for discharging gas are positioned at the top part of the reactor and the outlet for discharging aqueous mixture is at the bottom part of the reactor. The inclined nature of the reactor ensures that all gases are efficiently removed from the liquid effluent, and the CO.sub.2 formed during the process is used to improved efficacy of the hydrothermal treatment.

A powder feeder includes a plurality of driving rollers with their axial centers horizontal, a cylindrical hopper placed on the driving rollers and rotationally driven, a connection opening formed in the rotating hopper for loading powder therein, a chuck inserted into the connection opening and supported by a support frame, a powder discharge passage interconnecting the inside and outside of the rotating hopper through the chuck, a scooping part continuously formed on an inner surface of the rotating hopper which faces an inner end of the powder discharge passage, and a pressurization passage open to the inside of the rotating hopper for pressurizing the inside of the rotating hopper, the inner end of the powder discharge passage interconnecting the inside and outside of the rotating hopper being open to a location where the powder that has been scooped up by the scooping part falls down.

Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.