An apparatus in a radial reactor is described. The apparatus comprises a vertically elongated conduit extending around a circumference of an outer wall of the radial reactor, a vertically oriented cylindrical center pipe in the radial reactor, and a catalyst bed. The conduit comprises an inner face and an outer face and a pair of opposing sides. The inner face has a plurality of slots. The pair of opposing sides have a plurality of slots. There is a riser at a top of the vertically elongated conduit. The catalyst bed is defined by the center pipe and the inner face.

A naphtha reforming reactor system comprising a first reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet, wherein the first reactor is configured to operate as an adiabatic reactor, and wherein the first reactor comprises a first naphtha reforming catalyst; and a second reactor comprising a second inlet and a second outlet, wherein the second inlet is in fluid communication with the first outlet of the first reactor, wherein the second reactor is configured to operate as an isothermal reactor, and wherein the second reactor comprises a plurality of tubes disposed within a reactor furnace, a heat source configured to heat the interior of the reactor furnace; and a second naphtha reforming catalyst disposed within the plurality of tubes, wherein the first naphtha reforming catalyst and the second naphtha reforming catalyst are the same or different.

A method of testing a catalyst in a reactor comprises supplying a feedstock into an upstream end of the reactor and arranging an annular basket within the reactor at a downstream position in the reactor, the annular basket having a central aperture for receiving the flow of feedstock and plurality of stacked layers separated by fluid permeable material, the plurality of stacked layers including a layer of grading material positioned upstream of a layer containing a primary catalyst to be tested for a chemical process. The grading material is adapted to filter out contaminants within the feedstock and to thereby protect the primary catalyst within the basket. Embodiments and methods can utilize layers comprising a first layer containing the primary catalyst, a second layer containing a hydrometallization catalyst and a third layer containing grading material having solid trap particles with reduced catalytic activity.

A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product.

A system for separating first reactor effluent product by means of an intermediate separator, and sending the unconverted slurry material from the separator to further reactors. Such intermediate separation decreases the required size of downstream reactors.

This disclosure is directed to a continuous processing chamber that includes: a material shaft through which the material introduced by an inlet may be transported and discharged through an outlet; optionally an inner gas transfer tube in fluid communication with the material shaft with an inner filtration wall that encases at least a portion of the inner gas transfer tube and is in fluid communication with both the material shaft and the inner gas transfer tube; optionally an outer filtration wall that encases at least a portion of the material shaft and is in fluid communication with the material shaft and associated with an outer gas transfer tube. The continuous processing chamber may be incorporated into methods for treating the material to produce a lithiated product.

A moving bed reactor is provided that can allow facilitate performing a reaction involving a three-phase flow under co-axial flow conditions for the solid and liquid portions of the three phase flow, while the gas portion of the three-phase flow is exposed to the solids under radial flow conditions. Methods for using such a moving bed reactor to perform a reaction, such as upgrading of a feed to distillate products, are also provided.

A feed distribution apparatus and method of using such an apparatus are provided for introducing a three-phase flow into a moving bed reactor that is operated under co-current flow conditions. The feed distribution apparatus can allow for separate introduction of liquid and solids in a manner that allows for even distribution of liquid within the solids. The gas portion of the flow can be introduced in any of a variety of convenient manners for distributing gas into a liquid or solid flow.

A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product.

A radial flow distribution system, a radial flow reactor, and components thereof, including one or more of a scallop, center pipe, and/or outer basket. Each of the scallop, the center pipe, and the outer basket has openings formed therein. wherein the sizes or the shapes of the openings vary along the length or the width of the reactor components such that the openings define a pattern in configured to manipulate and optimize the distribution of flow of feedstock out of the components and through the reactor to maximize the efficiency of the catalyst reaction thereof.