An apparatus for polymerizing olefins including a polymerization reactor and a vessel system for pre-activating a solid catalyst component, wherein the vessel system is arranged upstream of the polymerization reactor. The vessel system includes a contacting vessel which includes a main portion, a base portion, a head portion, an inlet, an outlet, and a stirrer positioned within the contacting vessel, wherein the ratio (H/D) of the height (H) of the main portion to the diameter (D) of the main portion is 1.8 or greater. The stirrer is located at a position between the inlet and the outlet.

An apparatus for polymerizing olefins including a polymerization reactor and a vessel system for pre-activating a solid catalyst component, wherein the vessel system is arranged upstream of the polymerization reactor. The vessel system includes a contacting vessel which includes a main portion, a base portion, a head portion, an inlet, an outlet, and a stirrer positioned within the contacting vessel, wherein the ratio (H/D) of the height (H) of the main portion to the diameter (D) of the main portion is 1.8 or greater. The stirrer is located at a position between the inlet and the outlet.

A reactor for coating particles includes a stationary vacuum chamber to hold a bed of particles to be coated, a vacuum port in an upper portion of the chamber, a chemical delivery system configured to inject a reactant or precursor gas into a lower portion of the chamber, a paddle assembly, and a motor to rotate a drive shaft of the paddle assembly. The lower portion of the chamber forms a half-cylinder. The paddle assembly includes a rotatable drive shaft extending through the chamber along the axial axis of the half cylinder, and a plurality of paddles extending radially from the drive shaft such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motor orbits the plurality of paddles about the drive shaft.

A reactor for coating particles includes a stationary vacuum chamber to hold a bed of particles to be coated, a vacuum port in an upper portion of the chamber, a chemical delivery system configured to inject a reactant or precursor gas into a lower portion of the chamber, a paddle assembly, and a motor to rotate a drive shaft of the paddle assembly. The lower portion of the chamber forms a half-cylinder. The paddle assembly includes a rotatable drive shaft extending through the chamber along the axial axis of the half cylinder, and a plurality of paddles extending radially from the drive shaft such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motor orbits the plurality of paddles about the drive shaft.

Provided herein are high throughput continuous or semi-continuous reactors and processes for manufacturing graphenic materials, such as graphene oxide. Such processes are suitable for manufacturing graphenic materials at rates that are up to hundreds of times faster than conventional techniques, have little batch-to-batch variation, have a high degree of tunability, and have excellent performance characteristics.

Provided herein are high throughput continuous or semi-continuous reactors and processes for manufacturing graphenic materials, such as graphene oxide. Such processes are suitable for manufacturing graphenic materials at rates that are up to hundreds of times faster than conventional techniques, have little batch-to-batch variation, have a high degree of tunability, and have excellent performance characteristics.

Chemical reactor with high speed rotary mixing, system thereof, and method thereof, for catalytic thermal conversion of organic (hydrocarbon-containing) materials (coal, plastics, rubber, plant matter, wood shavings, biomass, organic wastes) into diesel and other liquid fuels (automobile or/and jet engine fuels). Relevant to non-conventional commercial scale production of liquid fuels, and to commercial scale processing and disposing of organic waste materials. Chemical reactor includes: integrated combination of a reactor stationary assembly (RSA), having only stationary components remaining stationary during chemical reactor operation, and a reactor rotary mixing assembly (RRMA), having only rotatable components rotating during chemical reactor operation. May include anti-abrasion shield for shielding inner surface of reactor central housing from abrasion during chemical reactor operation. Rotor may include a reinforcement disc. Rotor blades or/and reinforcement disc may include rotor-based performance and process control structural features (openings, or/and protrusions, or/and depressions), for additionally controlling performance of the rotor.

The present invention is concerned with a process for providing a homogeneous particle-containing slurry comprising the steps of: (a) providing a vessel comprising at least one impeller rotating around a vertical axis of the vessel, the vessel further comprising an inlet and an outlet; (b) introducing the particle-containing slurry into the vessel or introducing components forming the particle-containing slurry into the vessel; (c) rotating the at least one impeller at least around the vertical axis for homogenizing and/or maintaining a homogeneous particle distribution within the slurry; (d) withdrawing the homogeneous particle-containing slurry via the outlet; (e) stopping the at least one impeller for a maximum time T, whereby T is calculated according to the following relations: $\begin{array}{cc}{u}_T=\sqrt{\frac{4g\left({\rho }_p-{\rho }_f\right)D_p}{3{\rho }_f{C}_D}}& \left(1\right)\\ C_D=\frac{24}{\mathrm{Re}}[1+0.173{\mathrm{Re}}^{0.657}\end{array}$

The present invention is concerned with a process for providing a homogeneous particle-containing slurry comprising the steps of: (a) providing a vessel comprising at least one impeller rotating around a vertical axis of the vessel, the vessel further comprising an inlet and an outlet; (b) introducing the particle-containing slurry into the vessel or introducing components forming the particle-containing slurry into the vessel; (c) rotating the at least one impeller at least around the vertical axis for homogenizing and/or maintaining a homogeneous particle distribution within the slurry; (d) withdrawing the homogeneous particle-containing slurry via the outlet; (e) stopping the at least one impeller for a maximum time T, whereby T is calculated according to the following relations: $\begin{array}{cc}{u}_T=\sqrt{\frac{4g\left({\rho }_p-{\rho }_f\right)D_p}{3{\rho }_f{C}_D}}& \left(1\right)\\ C_D=\frac{24}{\mathrm{Re}}[1+0.173{\mathrm{Re}}^{0.657}\end{array}$

An electromechanical nixtamalization system comprises a vertical cylindrical reactor formed by an inside container with an insulating layer, an end in the shape of a truncated cone, in which the material inlet and outlet reactor cover is provided. A reactor resistor is arranged inside the reactor and can be removed from the reactor through a resistor cover to which it is attached by one of the ends thereof, the cover being accessible from the outside through the wider end of the reactor, which is exactly opposite to the end in the shape of a truncated cone in which the material inlet and outlet is located. The reactor rotates in an oscillating manner about a horizontal rotation shaft attached to a base or structure along with bearings. A compressor introduces pressure through a pressure inlet valve located inside the reactor and a water tank located above the reactor is in communication with a lime container and in turn feeds the reactor through a valve. The gasses generated inside the reactor are used to heat the water reservoir.