A process to react an oxygen containing regenerated catalyst stream prior to use in a fluidized bed reactor comprising providing a regenerated catalyst stream which comprises at least 0.001 wt % oxygen; reacting the regenerated catalyst stream with a fuel source thereby forming oxides and reducing the amount of oxygen in the regenerated catalyst stream to produce a usable regenerated catalyst stream; and injecting the usable regenerated catalyst stream into a hydrocarbon fluidized bed reactor is provided.

A fluidized bed system is a single unitary modular system that packages a circulation fan, a fluidized bed, and a dust collection system within a same structure. The structure is formed to include internal ducts to provide fluid communication between the circulation fan, the fluidized bed, and the dust collection system. The fan provides a flow of air via a pressure duct to the fluidized bed. Particulate is separated from particles included on the fluidized bed by the flow of air being uniformly distributed to the fluidized bed. Particulate separated in a disengagement area and suspended in the flow of air is conducted through a particulate clearance space surrounding the dust collection system. The particulate is captured by the dust collection system and conveyed to a location external to the system.

A subject of the invention is a fluidized-bed reactor for producing granular polycrystalline silicon. The fluidized-bed reactor comprises a segmented reactor tube, which is disposed between a reactor top and a reactor bottom, a heating facility, at least one nozzle for supplying fluidizing gas, at least one nozzle for supplying reaction gas, a facility for supplying silicon seed particles, a product removal line, and an offgas removal line. The segmented reactor tube comprises a base segment and at least one spacer segment, there being disposed, between base segment and spacer segment, a flat seal made from a carbon-containing material, the spacer segment consisting of a material which, within a temperature range from 100 to 950 C., has a thermal conductivity of <2 W/mK.

A powder cleaning system can include a fluidized bed reactor configured to retain powder and fluidize the powder to remove adsorbate and/or other contaminants from the powder, at least one inlet line, and one or more gas sources configured to be in selective fluid communication with the fluidized bed reactor via the at least one inlet line to selectively provide an inlet flow having one or more gases to the fluidized bed reactor to fluidize the powder with the one or more gases within the fluidized bed reactor. The system can include at least one outlet line in fluid communication with the fluidized bed reactor and configured to allow removal of outlet flow which comprises the adsorbate and/or other contaminants from the fluidized bed reactor.

A device for bringing a target medium into contact with a carrier fluid comprises a chamber comprising a circumferential wall, a bottom wall and a top wall forming an enclosure for containing the target medium while contacting the carrier fluid, the chamber being substantially rotationally symmetric with respect to an axis of symmetry and adapted for remaining mechanically static in operation of the device. The device comprises a fluid inlet for injecting the carrier fluid into the chamber in a substantially tangential direction with respect to an inner surface of the circumferential wall, and an outlet. The device comprises a fluid distributor in the chamber for enabling the injected carrier fluid to pass through the distributor in a substantially inward radial direction, the distributor being substantially rotationally symmetric and adapted for rotating around the axis when driven by a transfer of momentum between the injected carrier fluid and the distributor.

A spent catalyst distributor for distributing spent catalyst in a catalyst regenerator vessel housing a dense phase catalyst bed and a dilute phase catalyst bed. The spent catalyst distributor comprises a conduit comprising a proximal end and a distal end. The conduit projects horizontally or horizontally and downwardly into the regenerator vessel and includes an opening located at the distal end for introducing the spent catalyst at a first location inside the regenerator vessel. The conduit further includes a plurality of orifices located along a length of the conduit between the distal end and an inner wall of the regenerator vessel for introducing the spent catalyst at a plurality of locations inside the regenerator vessel.

Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.

This present disclosure relates to apparatuses for methylation of aromatics in an aromatics complex for producing a xylene isomer product. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to apparatuses for producing para-xylene by the selective methylation of toluene and/or benzene in an aromatics complex using processed toluene instead of crude toluene.

A process for producing unsaturated nitrile, using a fluidized bed reactor having an internal space having a catalyst capable of being fluidized therein, a feed opening to feed a starting material gas comprising hydrocarbon to the internal space, and a discharge port to discharge a reaction product gas from the internal space, the process comprising a reaction step of subjecting the hydrocarbon to a vapor phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction in the presence of the catalyst in the internal space to produce the corresponding unsaturated nitrile, wherein when in the internal space, a space where an existing amount of the catalyst per unit volume is 150 kg/m.sup.3 or more is defined as a dense zone and a space where an existing amount of the catalyst per unit volume is less than 150 kg/m.sup.3 is defined as a sparse zone in the reaction step, a gas residence time in the sparse zone is 5 to 50 sec.

The invention relates to a gas injection element (10) for a system for distributing as gas inside a chamber of a fluid catalytic cracking unit. This injection element comprises a passage (14) passing right through it in a longitudinal direction (X), and a metallic internal element (20) of which an internal surface (22) defines part of the through-passage (14) passing through in a longitudinal direction (X), a hollow metal sleeve (30) accepting one end (20a) of the internal element (20) and attached thereto, a hollow metal support (40) having an internal surface (42) defining the remainder of the through-passage passing through in the longitudinal direction (X), the said sleeve also being attached to one end of the support (40).